造血干细胞移植（HCT）代表了某些恶性和非恶性血液疾病的治疗选择。 HCT 前的调理方案、同种异体环境中移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD) 的发生以及延迟的免疫重建通过诱导组织损伤或体液改变而导致早期和晚期并发症。止血和/或补体系统是涉及体液和细胞反应的生物调节防御系统，并且不同程度地参与同种异体 HCT 后的这些并发症。止血和补体系统具有多种相互作用，这在生理和病理条件下都有描述。它们具有共同的组织靶点，例如内皮细胞，这表明 HCT 后早期或晚期的几种严重并发症的发病机制中存在相互作用。两个系统相互干扰从而导致疾病发病机制的并发症包括移植相关血栓性微血管病 (HSCT-TMA)、窦窦阻塞综合征/静脉闭塞性疾病 (SOS/VOD) 和 GVHD。在此，我们回顾了有关同种异体 HCT 后止血和补体变化的最新知识，以及这些变化如何定义临床影响。© 2024。作者。

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) represents a curative treatment option for certain malignant and nonmalignant hematological diseases. Conditioning regimens before HCT, the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in the allogeneic setting, and delayed immune reconstitution contribute to early and late complications by inducing tissue damage or humoral alterations. Hemostasis and/or the complement system are biological regulatory defense systems involving humoral and cellular reactions and are variably involved in these complications after allogeneic HCT. The hemostasis and complement systems have multiple interactions, which have been described both under physiological and pathological conditions. They share common tissue targets, such as the endothelium, which suggests interactions in the pathogenesis of several serious complications in the early or late phase after HCT. Complications in which both systems interfere with each other and thus contribute to disease pathogenesis include transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (HSCT-TMA), sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD), and GVHD. Here, we review the current knowledge on changes in hemostasis and complement after allogeneic HCT and how these changes may define clinical impact.© 2024. The Author(s).