免疫细胞中生姜化合物的抗炎作用的“根”原因
The "root" causes behind the anti-inflammatory actions of ginger compounds in immune cells
影响因子:5.90000
分区:医学2区 / 免疫学2区
发表日期:2024
作者:
Kitti Pázmándi, Attila Gábor Szöllősi, Tünde Fekete
摘要
生姜（Zingiber officinale）是全世界最著名的香料和药用植物之一，自远古时代以来一直在治疗众多疾病，包括寒冷，胃肠道抱怨，恶心和偏头痛。除此之外，越来越多的文献表明，生姜还表现出抗炎，抗氧化剂，抗癌和神经保护作用。生姜的有益作用可以归因于其根茎的生物活性化合物，例如生姜，shogaols，Zingerone和Paradols。在这些化合物中，生姜在新鲜根中最丰富，而shogaols是干姜的主要酚类化合物。在过去的二十年中，许多体外和体内研究表明，主要的姜酚能够影响包括巨噬细胞，中性粒细胞，树突状细胞和T细胞在内的各种免疫细胞的功能。尽管这些化合物的作用机理尚未完全阐明，但一些研究通过表明姜成分能够靶向多个信号通路，从而为其抗炎作用提供了机械洞察力。在这篇综述的第一部分中，我们总结了有关主要生姜化合物的免疫调节作用的当前文献，在第二部分中，我们集中在可能的分子机制上，这些分子机制可能是其抗炎作用的基础。
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most well-known spices and medicinal plants worldwide that has been used since ancient times to treat a plethora of diseases including cold, gastrointestinal complaints, nausea, and migraine. Beyond that, a growing body of literature demonstrates that ginger exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and neuroprotective actions as well. The beneficial effects of ginger can be attributed to the biologically active compounds of its rhizome such as gingerols, shogaols, zingerone and paradols. Among these compounds, gingerols are the most abundant in fresh roots, and shogaols are the major phenolic compounds of dried ginger. Over the last two decades numerous in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the major ginger phenolics are able to influence the function of various immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells and T cells. Although the mechanism of action of these compounds is not fully elucidated yet, some studies provide a mechanistic insight into their anti-inflammatory effects by showing that ginger constituents are able to target multiple signaling pathways. In the first part of this review, we summarized the current literature about the immunomodulatory actions of the major ginger compounds, and in the second part, we focused on the possible molecular mechanisms that may underlie their anti-inflammatory effects.