姜化合物在免疫细胞中抗炎作用的“根源”机制
The "root" causes behind the anti-inflammatory actions of ginger compounds in immune cells
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影响因子:5.9
分区:医学2区 / 免疫学2区
发表日期:2024
作者:
Kitti Pázmándi, Attila Gábor Szöllősi, Tünde Fekete
DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2024.1400956
摘要
姜（Zingiber officinale）是全球最著名的香料和药用植物之一，自古以来用于治疗感冒、胃肠不适、恶心和偏头痛等多种疾病。除此之外，越来越多的文献表明，姜还具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌和神经保护作用。姜的益处主要归因于其块茎中的生物活性化合物，如姜醇、姜酚、姜辣素和对姜酮。在这些化合物中，姜醇在新鲜根中最为丰富，而姜辣素是干姜的主要酚类化合物。在过去二十年中，众多体外和体内研究证明，主要的姜酚类化合物能够影响多种免疫细胞的功能，包括巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、树突状细胞和T细胞。尽管这些化合物的作用机制尚未完全阐明，但一些研究提供了其抗炎作用的机制性见解，显示姜成分能够靶向多条信号通路。在本文的第一部分，我们总结了有关主要姜成分免疫调节作用的最新文献；第二部分则聚焦于可能支持其抗炎作用的分子机制。
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most well-known spices and medicinal plants worldwide that has been used since ancient times to treat a plethora of diseases including cold, gastrointestinal complaints, nausea, and migraine. Beyond that, a growing body of literature demonstrates that ginger exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and neuroprotective actions as well. The beneficial effects of ginger can be attributed to the biologically active compounds of its rhizome such as gingerols, shogaols, zingerone and paradols. Among these compounds, gingerols are the most abundant in fresh roots, and shogaols are the major phenolic compounds of dried ginger. Over the last two decades numerous in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the major ginger phenolics are able to influence the function of various immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells and T cells. Although the mechanism of action of these compounds is not fully elucidated yet, some studies provide a mechanistic insight into their anti-inflammatory effects by showing that ginger constituents are able to target multiple signaling pathways. In the first part of this review, we summarized the current literature about the immunomodulatory actions of the major ginger compounds, and in the second part, we focused on the possible molecular mechanisms that may underlie their anti-inflammatory effects.