背景：虚拟现实建模 (VRM) 是根据患者特定的 2 维 (2D) 成像创建的 3 维模拟。 VRM 可以更准确地表示患者的解剖结构，并可以改善解剖感知。我们根据 2D 成像审查以及随后的 VRM 审查，调查了外科医生在复杂儿科肿瘤病例中的手术计划。我们假设置信度会随着虚拟现实的使用而增加，并且 VRM 可能会改变手术计划。方法：根据年龄（<18）和肿瘤诊断选择和登记患者。 VRM是基于2D成像创建的。外科医生根据 2D 成像确定手术计划，并在 VRM 后再次确定。一位未参与该病例的失明外科医生在查看 2D 和 VRM 成像后也对手术计划发表了意见。这些评估与实际操作进行了比较。结果：共有12名患者入组。诊断包括 6 例神经母细胞瘤、2 例肾母细胞瘤、1 例尤文氏肉瘤、1 例胰腺假乳头状瘤、1 例横纹肌肉瘤和 1 例纵隔生殖细胞肿瘤。 VRM 在 63% 的情况下提高了手术外科医生的信心。 VRM 后手术计划发生变化的概率为 8.3%。结论：VRM 有助于明确更复杂儿科病例的手术计划。

Background: Virtual reality modeling (VRM) is a 3-dimensional simulation created from patient-specific 2-dimensional (2D) imaging. VRM creates a more accurate representation of the patient anatomy and can improve anatomical perception. We surveyed surgeons on their operative plan in complex pediatric oncology cases based on review of 2D imaging and subsequently after review of VRM. We hypothesized that the confidence level would increase with the use of virtual reality and that VRM may change the operative plan. Methods: Patients were selected and enrolled based on age (<18) and oncological diagnosis. VRM was created based on the 2D imaging. Surgeons identified surgical plans based on 2D imaging and again after VRM. A blinded surgeon not involved with the case also gave opinions on surgical plans after viewing both the 2D and the VRM imaging. These assessments were compared with the actual operation. Results: A total of 12 patients were enrolled. Diagnoses included six neuroblastomas, two Wilms tumors, one Ewing's sarcoma, one pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas, one rhabdomyosarcoma, and one mediastinal germ cell tumor. VRM increased the operating surgeon's confidence 63% of the time. The operative plan changed 8.3% of the time after VRM. Conclusion: VRM is useful to help clarify operative plans for more complex pediatric cases.