在此，我们描述了利用山茶花水果水提取物作为环保螯合剂来生物制造氧化钐纳米粒子（HT-Sm2O3 NPs）。制备的纳米颗粒具有各种理化性质和生物医学应用潜力。 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 图案显示出尖锐的峰，这与粉末衍射标准联合委员会 (JCPDS) 卡号 1 相一致。 00-042-1464。从 Debye-Scherrer 近似和 Williamson-Hall (W-H) 图获得的微晶尺寸分别为 28.73 和 69.3 nm。通过使用 Kubelka-Munk (K-M) 函数计算光学带隙，结果发现光学带隙约为 4.58 eV。在121、351、424-​​和561cm-1处观察到拉曼位移。光致发光 (PL) 光谱显示两个主峰位于 360 和 540 nm。 HT-Sm2O3 纳米颗粒 (NP) 的高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HR-TEM) 分析表明，它们主要具有球形到立方体的形状。此外，选区电子衍射（SAED）图案呈现斑点环，表明这些纳米颗粒具有高水平的结晶度。使用不同治疗方法的多种生物测定研究了潜在的纳米医学应用。在1000μg/mL浓度下，抗氧化活性抑制率为45.71%±1.13%。丰年虾致死率测定显示，在1000μg/mL浓度下细胞毒性最高，为46.67%±3.33%，LC50值为1081μg/mL。 HT-Sm2O3 NPs 在 1000μg/mL 时表现出血管生成抑制作用 (20.41%±1.18%)。 MTT 测定结果表明 HT-Sm2O3 NPs 对细胞系表现出抑制作用。具体而言，这些 NP 对 3T3 细胞的 IC50 值为 104.6μg/mL。针对 MCF-7 细胞，NPs 的 IC50 值为 413.25μg/mL。此外，在抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）方面，新合成的纳米颗粒的IC50值为320μg/mL。通过α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶抑制测定进行的抗糖尿病评估显示，α-葡萄糖苷酶的IC50值为380μg/mL，α-淀粉酶的IC50值为952μg/mL。总体而言，我们的研究表明，Sm2O3 NPs 具有中等抗癌、胆碱酯酶抑制和抗糖尿病潜力，但需要进一步评估。研究亮点：在这项工作中，纳米鳐鱼是采用环保和绿色方法合成的。使用拉曼、HR-TEM、FTIR、DRS、XRD 等技术对纳米颗粒进行了表征，并使用多种体外生物测定方法研究了其在糖尿病、阿尔茨海默病和癌症方面的应用。纳米鳐鱼显示出潜在生物医学应用的良好潜力。© 2024 Wiley periodicals LLC。

Herein we described the biofabrication of samarium oxide nanoparticles (HT-Sm2O3 NPs) by applying the aqueous fruit extract of Hyphaene thebaica was utilized as an eco-friendly chelating agent. The prepared NPs were subjected to various physicochemical properties and potential in biomedical applications. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed sharp peaks that corroborated with the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) card no. 00-042-1464. Crystallite size obtained from Debye-Scherrer approximation and Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot was 28.73 and 69.3 nm, respectively. Optical bandgap was calculated by employing Kubelka-Munk (K-M) function and was found to be ~4.58 eV. Raman shift was observed at 121, 351, 424-, and 561 cm-1. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra revealed two major peaks positioned at 360 and 540 nm. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis of HT-Sm2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) showed that they predominantly have spherical to cuboidal shapes. Additionally, the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern presented spotty rings, indicating a high level of crystallinity in these NPs. The potential nanomedicine applications were studied using diverse bioassays using different treatments. The antioxidant activity demonstrated 45.71% ± 1.13% inhibition at 1000 μg/mL. Brine shrimp lethality assay revealed the highest cytotoxicity of 46.67% ± 3.33% at 1000 μg/mL and LC50 value of 1081 μg/mL. HT-Sm2O3 NPs exhibited inhibition of angiogenesis (20.41% ± 1.18%) at of 1000 μg/mL. MTT assay results indicated that HT-Sm2O3 NPs exhibit inhibitory effects on cell lines. Specifically, these NPs showed an IC50 value of 104.6 μg/mL against 3T3 cells. Against MCF-7 cells, the NPs demonstrated an IC50 value of 413.25 μg/mL. Additionally, in the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the newly synthesized NPs showed an IC50 value of 320 μg/mL. The antidiabetic assessment through α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays revealed, an IC50 value of 380 μg/mL for α-glucosidase and 952 μg/mL for α-amylase was calculated. Overall, our study suggested that the Sm2O3 NPs possess moderate anticancer, cholinesterase inhibition, and antidiabetic potential, however, needs further assessment. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In this work, nano-samaria is synthesized using an eco-friendly and green approach. The nanoparticles were characterized using techniques such as Raman, HR-TEM, FTIR, DRS, XRD, and so on, and the applications were studied using multiple in vitro bioassays for Diabetes, Alzheimer, and Cancer. The nano-samaria revealed good potential for potential biomedical applications.© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.