实体瘤微环境：组成及肿瘤芯片模型的当前挑战
The Microenvironment of Solid Tumors: Components and Current Challenges of Tumor-on-a-Chip Models
DOI 原文链接
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影响因子:4.6
分区:医学2区 / 工程：生物医学2区 材料科学：生物材料2区 细胞与组织工程3区 细胞生物学3区
发表日期:2025 Jun
作者:
Ilva de Fátima Souza, João Paulo de Jesus Vieira, Elton Diêgo Bonifácio, Bethânia Alves de Avelar Freitas, Libardo Andres Gonzalez Torres
DOI:
10.1089/ten.TEB.2024.0088
摘要
实体瘤是人类最常见的癌症类型，按起源细胞分为肉瘤、淋巴瘤和癌症。其中，起源于身体组织上皮和腺体细胞的癌症最为普遍。近年来，全球实体瘤的发病率显著上升。在此背景下，为了发现更有效的癌症治疗方法，研究对肿瘤微环境（TME）及其组成部分有了更深入的了解。目前，癌细胞与TME元素之间的相互作用正受到密切关注。研究取得了显著进展，主要得益于先进的体外模型的发展，例如肿瘤芯片模型，有助于理解和最终发现特定癌症类型的有效新疗法。本文旨在综述TME及癌细胞组分，以及模拟肿瘤的肿瘤芯片模型的最新进展，提供当前技术水平的视角。利用此类微型设备重现TME的最新研究，有助于更好理解癌症及其治疗。然而，目前该技术的应用仍存在一些限制，亟需克服，以实现更广泛的科研应用，推动癌症的深层次研究和新策略的开发。
Abstract
Solid tumors represent the most common type of cancer in humans and are classified into sarcomas, lymphomas, and carcinomas based on the originating cells. Among these, carcinomas, which arise from epithelial and glandular cells lining the body's tissues, are the most prevalent. Around the world, a significant increase in the incidence of solid tumors is observed during recent years. In this context, efforts to discover more effective cancer treatments have led to a deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its components. Currently, the interactions between cancer cells and elements of the TME are being intensely investigated. Remarkable progress in research is noted, largely owing to the development of advanced in vitro models, such as tumor-on-a-chip models that assist in understanding and ultimately discovering new effective treatments for a specific type of cancer. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the TME and cancer cell components, along with the advances on tumor-on-a-chip models designed to mimic tumors, offering a perspective on the current state of the art. Recent studies using this kind of microdevices that reproduce the TME have allowed a better understanding of the cancer and its treatments. Nevertheless, current applications of this technology present some limitations that must be overcome to achieve a broad application by researchers looking for a deeper knowledge of cancer and new strategies to improve current therapies.