分析 12 年间 500 例成人肝移植的特征和结果。该研究包括 2010 年 5 月至 2023 年 4 月期间 500 例肝移植的数据。我们分析了 483 名接受移植的成人和 438 名接受该手术的候选人。所有数据均来自当地肝移植登记处。记录截至2023年6月1日的临床结果。使用Statistica 12（StatSoft Inc.，美国）和Jamovi版本2.3.21.0软件（Jamovi项目）进行统计分析。2012年1月至5月期间等待名单中的438名患者2023年，共进行了198例（45%）肝移植，其中27例（6%）是来自亲属活体供体的肝移植，37例（8%）是在其他中心进行的。共有 109 人（25%）死亡。 1 年和 3 年生存率分别为 81% (95% CI 76-85%) 和 50% (95% CI 42-59%)。来自已故捐献者（n=134，27%）和亲属捐献者（n=366，73%）的器官被用于移植。 21 例 (4%) 病例需要重做移植。接受者的中位年龄为 45 岁（范围 18-72），MELD-Na 评分中位为 16（范围 6-43）。最常见的移植适应症是病毒性肝硬化（37%）、胆汁淤积性肝病（16%）和肝细胞癌（14%）。 39% 的病例采用钙调磷酸酶抑制剂单药治疗，52% 的病例采用钙调磷酸酶抑制剂与糖皮质激素、抗代谢药物或 mTOR 抑制剂联合治疗，8% 的病例采用三成分方案。初次移植后受者的年生存率、5 年生存率和 7 年生存率分别为 87% (95% CI: 84-90%)、79% (95% CI: 75-83%) 和 75% (95% CI: 70 -80%），分别。如果是活体亲属供体肝移植，这些值为 89% (95% CI: 86-92%)、84% (95% CI: 80-88%) 和 80% (95% CI: 75-85) %)，从已故捐赠者移植后分别为 81% (95% CI: 74-88%)、66% (95% CI: 57-76%) 和 58% (95% CI: 45-72%)。肝移植对于弥漫性和局灶性肝病患者非常有效。活体捐献者不仅显着提高了该技术的可用性，而且与已故捐献者的肝移植相比，在结果方面也具有显着优势，移植后一年后受者死亡的可能性降低了 10%，五年后降低了 20% 以上。

To analyze the features and outcomes of 500 liver transplantations in adults over a 12-year period.The study included data on 500 liver transplantations between May 2010 and April 2023. We analyzed 483 adults who underwent transplantation and 438 candidates for this procedure. All data were obtained from local liver transplantation registry. Clinical outcomes were recorded as of June 1, 2023. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 12 (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Jamovi version 2.3.21.0 software (Jamovi project).Among 438 patients in the waiting list between January 2012 and May 2023, liver transplantation was performed in 198 (45%) cases including 27 (6%) transplantations from living-related donors and 37 (8%) procedures in other centers. There were 109 (25%) deaths. The 1- and 3-year survival rates were 81% (95% CI 76-85%) and 50% (95% CI 42-59%), respectively. Organs from deceased donors (n=134, 27%) and living-related donors (n=366, 73%) were used for transplantations. Redo transplantations were necessary in 21 (4%) cases. The median age of recipients was 45 years (range 18-72), median MELD-Na score - 16 (range 6-43). The most common indications for transplantation were viral cirrhosis (37%), cholestatic liver disease (16%), and hepatocellular carcinoma (14%). Monotherapy with calcineurin inhibitors was performed in 39% of cases, combination of calcineurin inhibitors and glucocorticoids, antimetabolites or mTOR inhibitors - 52%, three-component schemes - 8% of cases. Annual, 5- and 7-year survival rates of recipients after primary transplantation were 87% (95% CI: 84-90%), 79% (95% CI: 75-83%) and 75% (95% CI: 70-80%), respectively. In case of liver transplantation from living-related donors, these values were 89% (95% CI: 86-92%), 84% (95% CI: 80-88%) and 80% (95% CI: 75-85%), after transplantation from deceased donors - 81% (95% CI: 74-88%), 66% (95% CI: 57-76%) and 58% (95% CI: 45-72%), respectively.Liver transplantation is highly effective for patients with diffuse and focal liver diseases. Living donors not only significantly improve availability of this technology, but also provide substantial advantages in outcomes compared to liver transplantation from deceased donors, reducing the likelihood of recipient mortality by 10% after one post-transplantation year and by more than 20% after five years.