糖尿病及其并发症是当今已知的公共卫生问题。糖尿病肾病是主要并发症之一，是多种机制的结果，包括：肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的激活、晚期糖基化终产物的形成以及慢性炎症，导致肾小球和肾小管间质损伤，产生系膜扩张和肾小球硬化，最终导致慢性肾脏疾病。早期发现糖尿病肾病对于充分干预以阻止或至少减缓其进展至关重要。已经描述了多种标记物，不仅是血清肌酐、尿素和白蛋白尿等经典标记物，而且目前还描述了中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子 1 受体和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 等新型生物标记物。本文的目的是对生物标志物在糖尿病肾病诊断中的作用进行最新综述。© 作者。

Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a known public health problem nowadays. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the main complications and the result of multiple mechanisms, including: activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, formation of advanced glycation end products and chronic inflammation that led to glomerular and tubulo-interstitial damage producing mesangial expansion and glomerulosclerosis, which finally results in chronic kidney disease. Early detection of diabetic nephropathy is essential for adequate intervention to stop, or at least slow down its progression. Multiple markers have been described, not only the classic ones such as serum creatinine, urea, and albuminuria, but at this point also novel biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, tumor necrosis factor 1 receptor and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, among others. The aim of this article was to provide an update review of the role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.© The Author(s).