研究影响睡眠持续时间的潜在因素，并探讨其与美国成年人死亡风险的关系。研究人群由参加 2007 年开始进行的国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的 26 至 79 岁成年人组成到2016年。睡眠时间分为三类：短（<7小时）、最佳（7-8小时）和长（≥9小时）。使用加权 Cox 回归模型在总体人群和亚组中检查睡眠时间与全因死亡率和特定原因死亡率（包括心脏病、肿瘤、脑血管疾病等）之间的关联。使用限制三次样条（RCS）分析探讨睡眠持续时间与全因死亡风险之间的剂量反应关联。此外，还进行了多项 Logistic 回归分析，以调查影响成人睡眠时间的潜在因素。该研究总共包括 24,141 名受试者，人口加权平均年龄为 48.93 岁。超过30%的受试者表现出不健康的睡眠习惯。完全调整的模型显示，短睡眠时间（HR=1.169，95% CI 1.027-1.331）和长睡眠时间（HR=1.286，95% CI 1.08-1.53​​1）均与全因死亡风险增加相关。 RCS 曲线显示睡眠时间与全因死亡风险之间呈 U 形关系。亚组分析显示，26-64 岁成年人、男性和非西班牙裔白人中，不良睡眠模式与全因死亡率之间存在显着关联。此外，多项逻辑回归确定了与短睡眠时间和长睡眠时间相关的几个预测因子。短睡眠时间和长睡眠时间都与全因死亡率风险增加相关，具有 U 形剂量反应关系。必须实施适当的初级预防策略，旨在监测存在不健康睡眠模式风险的人群并为其提供健康教育。© 2024 Gu et al.

To examine potential factors affecting sleep duration and explore its association with the risk of mortality among adults in the United States.The study population consisted of adults aged 26 to 79 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2007 to 2016. Sleep duration was classified into three categories: short (<7 hours), optimal (7-8 hours), and long (≥9 hours). The associations between sleep duration and both all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality (including heart disease, tumors, cerebrovascular disease, and others) were examined in the overall population and subgroups using weighted Cox regression models. Dose-response associations between sleep duration and risk of all-cause mortality were explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses. Additionally, a multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate potential factors that influence sleep duration in adults.The study included a total of 24,141 subjects, with a population-weighted mean age of 48.93 years. Over 30% of the subjects exhibited unhealthy sleep habits. Fully adjusted models revealed that both short sleep duration (HR=1.169, 95% CI 1.027-1.331) and long sleep duration (HR=1.286, 95% CI 1.08-1.531), were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. The RCS curves showed a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and risk of all-cause mortality. Subgroup analyses showed a significant association between poor sleep patterns and all-cause mortality among adults aged 26-64 years, males, and non-Hispanic whites. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression identified several predictors associated with short and long sleep durations.Both short and long sleep duration are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, with a U-shaped dose-response relationship. It is imperative to implement appropriate primary prevention strategies aimed at monitoring and providing health education to populations at risk of developing unhealthy sleep patterns.© 2024 Gu et al.