神经肿瘤学反应评估 (RANO) 2.0 标准旨在提高中枢神经系统 (CNS) 胶质瘤临床试验中治疗反应评估的标准化和可靠性。本综述提供了支持 RANO 2.0 更新的证据，并讨论了哪些概念可适用于临床实践，特别是在临床放射学读数中。RANO 2.0 的更新得到了最近临床试验多中心数据的回顾性分析的支持。根据 RANO 2.0 中的建议，在接受放射治疗的肿瘤中，RT 后 MRI 扫描应用作后续扫描的参考基线，而不是 RT 前扫描，并且影像学结果表明放射治疗后三个月内出现进展应通过确认扫描来验证是否完成。如果可行，应考虑体积评估，特别是对于低级别胶质瘤，并且非增强疾病的评估在胶质母细胞瘤中应发挥边缘作用。然而，临床环境中的射线照相读数也受益于 RANO 2.0 标准之外的方面，例如定性评估、患者特定的临床考虑因素和高级成像。而 RANO 2.0 标准旨在标准化临床中的反应评估试验表明，一些概念有可能改善临床实践中的患者管理。版权所有 © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) 2.0 criteria aim at improving the standardization and reliability of treatment response assessment in clinical trials studying central nervous system (CNS) gliomas. This review presents the evidence supporting RANO 2.0 updates and discusses which concepts can be applicable to the clinical practice, particularly in the clinical radiographic reads.Updates in RANO 2.0 were supported by recent retrospective analyses of multicenter data from recent clinical trials. As proposed in RANO 2.0, in tumors receiving radiation therapy, the post-RT MRI scan should be used as a reference baseline for the following scans, as opposed to the pre-RT scan, and radiographic findings suggesting progression within three months after radiation therapy completion should be verified with confirmatory scans. Volumetric assessments should be considered, when available, especially for low-grade gliomas, and the evaluation of nonenhancing disease should have a marginal role in glioblastoma. However, the radiographic reads in the clinical setting also benefit from aspects that lie outside RANO 2.0 criteria, such as qualitative evaluations, patient-specific clinical considerations, and advanced imaging.While RANO 2.0 criteria are meant for the standardization of the response assessment in clinical trials, some concepts have the potential to improve patients' management in the clinical practice.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.