调查在用生物炭和腐殖酸处理的农业土壤中生长的重金属离子的致癌和非癌健康危害
Investigating the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health hazards of heavy metal ions in Spinacia oleracea grown in agricultural soil treated with biochar and humic acid
影响因子:3.80000
分区:环境科学与生态学4区 / 水资源3区 工程：环境4区 环境科学4区 公共卫生4区
发表日期:2024 Jul 16
作者:
Farzad Moradi-Choghamarani, Farshid Ghorbani
摘要
这项研究涉及在用腐殖酸（189-2310 ppm）和生物壳（0.00-5.10％.wt）处理的农业土壤中生长的尖晶石橄榄酸橄榄石消费中的生物积累和人类健康风险。生物壳来自两个当地的水稻 - 豪斯（RH）和在300和600°C的温度下的糖 - 阳离子 - 棕褐色（SBP）。在土壤和生物量/生物炭中发现的CU，CD和NI的总浓度超过了全球安全阈值。菠菜叶片中HMS的生物积累水平变化，Fe达到765.27 mg kg-1的最高浓度，Cd的浓度最低，最低浓度为3.31 mg kg-kg-kg-1。总体而言，菠菜叶中的Zn，Cd，Pb和Ni的浓度超过了安全阈值限制，因此不建议使用其消耗。对HMS的危险商评估（HI）表明人类的潜在健康危害（HI> 1），避免食用菠菜的可食用部分。 4.35％wt和0.00％的生物炭应用率分别导致最高（3.69）和最低（3.15）HI值。累积致癌风险（TCR）范围为0.0085至0.0119，超过了癌症风险阈值。与对照相比，引入5.10％WT生物量/生物炭的TCR增加了36％。腐殖酸与HMS污染的生物壳的利用导致HMS生物蓄积的水平升高，超过农作物中允许的阈值（相比之下，在2000 ppm腐殖酸时，最大增加了49％的人为49％）。因此，这将HI提高了46％，TCR提高了22％。这项研究表明，HMS污染的生物char的利用可能可能构成补充健康危害。此外，很明显，HMS污染的生物塑料在处理金属污染的土壤中的利用不会有效地稳定或减少污染。
Abstract
This study addressed the bioaccumulation and human health risk among the consumption of Spinacia oleracea grown in agricultural soil treated with humic acid (189-2310 ppm) and biochars (0.00-5.10%.wt). The biochars came from two local feedstocks of rice-husk (RH) and sugar-beet-pulp (SBP) pyrolyzed at temperatures 300 and 600 °C. Total concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Ni found in both the soil and biomass/biochar exceeded global safety thresholds. The bioaccumulation levels of HMs in spinach leaves varied, with Fe reaching the highest concentration at 765.27 mg kg-1 and Cd having the lowest concentration at 3.31 mg kg-1. Overall, the concentrations of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni in spinach leaves exceeded the safety threshold limits, so that its consumption is not recommended. The assessment of hazard quotient (HI) for the HMs indicated potential health hazards for humans (HI > 1) from consuming the edible parts of spinach. The biochar application rates of 4.35%wt and 0.00%.wt resulted in the highest (3.69) and lowest (3.15) HI values, respectively. The cumulative carcinogenic risk (TCR) ranged from 0.0085 to 0.0119, exceeding the cancer risk threshold. Introducing 5.10%wt biomass/biochar resulted in a 36% rise in TCR compared to the control. The utilization of humic acid alongside HMs-polluted biochars results in elevated levels of HMs bioaccumulation exceeding the allowable thresholds in crops (with a maximum increase of 49% at 2000 ppm humic acid in comparison to 189 ppm). Consequently, this raised the HI by 46% and the TCR by 22%. This study demonstrated that the utilization of HMs-polluted biochars could potentially pose supplementary health hazards. Moreover, it is evident that the utilization of HMs-polluted biochars in treating metal-contaminated soil does not effectively stabilize or reduce pollution.