三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 占所有乳腺癌的 15%，其特点是更具侵袭性的生物学特性、显着的疾病异质性和较差的临床结果。近年来，人们对 TNBC 肿瘤生物学及其异质性的了解不断加深，从而确定了新的分子靶点，为新的治疗策略开辟了途径。评估免疫疗法、聚 ADP 核糖聚合酶 (PARP) 抑制剂和抗体药物偶联物的临床试验显示，临床结果有所改善，因此将其纳入 TNBC 患者可用的治疗选择中。本综述旨在为内科专家和初级保健提供者提供当前 TNBC 全身治疗方法的全面概述，并向临床医生介绍最近添加到针对该疾病的治疗装备中的新疗法。

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15% of all breast cancers and is characterized by more aggressive biology, significant disease heterogeneity, and worse clinical outcomes. In recent years, improved understanding of TNBC tumor biology and its heterogeneity have led to the identification of new molecular targets, opening avenues for novel treatment strategies. Clinical trials evaluating immunotherapy, poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, and antibody drug conjugates have shown improvement in clinical outcomes, leading to their incorporation to the treatment options available for patients with TNBC. This review aimed to provide the internal medicine specialist and primary care provider with a comprehensive overview of the current systemic therapy approaches for TNBC and introduce clinicians to novel therapies that have recently been added to the treatment armamentarium against this disease.