次优饮食对全球胃肠道 (GI) 癌症发病率的影响仍未量化，我们旨在对其进行评估。全面的荟萃分析和严格的证据分级评估确定了次优饮食与 6 种胃肠道癌症及其亚型之间的关联。使用比较风险评估模型，通过使用确证关联估计来估计胃肠道癌症与次优饮食的比例归因负担和归因率。此外，还进行了与社会人口指数的相关性评估。 2018年，全球21.5%（95%不确定区间，19.1%-24.5%）的胃肠道癌症病例归因于次优饮食，自1990年以来保持相对稳定的比例（ 22.4％; 19.7％-25.6％），而绝对可饮食的病例从1990年的581,000（511,000-664,000）翻了一番，到2018年的1,040,000（923,000-1,187,000）。 ）、水果摄入不足（4.8%；3.8%-5.9%）和全谷物摄入不足（3.6%；2.8%-5.1%）是 2018 年最重要的饮食风险因素，与 1990 年的第三个主要担忧有所不同非淀粉类蔬菜摄入不足。此外，中东欧和中亚在1990年（31.6%；27.0%-37.4%）和2018年（31.6%；27.3%-36.5%）均经历了各地区最高的归因负担，并且呈正相关（P <观察到社会人口指数和归因于胃肠道癌症发病率之间的差异。尽管归因于胃肠道癌症发病率的比例保持相对稳定，但从 1990 年到 2018 年，绝对病例数翻了一番，加上城市和国家/地区之间的差异，为饮食优先事项提供了信息以及更有针对性的预防措施。版权所有 © 2024 AGA Institute。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。

The contribution of suboptimal diets to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer incidence globally remains unquantified, and we aimed to evaluate it.Comprehensive meta-analyses and rigorous evidence-grading assessment identified the associations between suboptimal diets and 6 GI cancers and their subtypes. A comparative risk assessment model was used to estimate the proportional attributable burden and attributable rate of GI cancers to suboptimal diets by using the corroborative association estimates. In addition, correlation assessments with the Sociodemographic Index were carried out.In 2018, 21.5% (95% uncertainty interval, 19.1%-24.5%) of incident GI cancer cases globally were attributable to suboptimal diets, maintaining a relatively stable proportion since 1990 (22.4%; 19.7%-25.6%), whereas the absolute diet-attributable cases doubled from 581,000 (511,000-664,000) in 1990 to 1,040,000 (923,000-1,187,000) in 2018. Excessive processed meat consumption (5.9%; 4.2%-7.9%), insufficient fruit intake (4.8%; 3.8%-5.9%), and insufficient whole grain intake (3.6%; 2.8%-5.1%) were the most significant dietary risk factors in 2018, a shift from 1990 when the third major concern was insufficient nonstarchy vegetable intake. In addition, Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia experienced the highest attributable burden across regions in both 1990 (31.6%; 27.0%-37.4%) and 2018 (31.6%; 27.3%-36.5%), and a positive correlation (P < .01) between the Sociodemographic Index and the attributable GI cancer incidence was observed.Although the proportional attributable GI incidence remains relatively stable, the doubling of absolute cases from 1990 to 2018, along with the discrepancies among urbanicity and countries/regions, informs dietary priorities and more targeted preventive measures.Copyright © 2024 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.