18F-N-(2-(二乙氨基)乙基)-5-(2-(2-(2-氟乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)吡啶酰胺(18F-PFPN)是一种新型正电子发射断层扫描(PET)探针，专为特定目标而设计黑色素。本研究旨在评价 18F-PFPN 对眼部或眼眶黑色素瘤诊断的可行性。对 3 例经病理证实的眼部或眼眶黑色素瘤患者（男 1 例，女 2 例；年龄 41-59 岁）进行回顾性分析。每名患者均接受了全面的 18F-PFPN 和 18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖 (18F-FDG) PET 扫描。比较 18F-PFPN 和 18F-FDG PET 成像的病灶最大标准化摄取值（SUVmax）以及背景组织造成的干扰。此外，还检查了葡萄膜和视网膜中的固有色素对结果解释的影响。每位患者的对侧非肿瘤眼作为对照。所有原发性肿瘤（3/3）均采用 18F-PFPN PET 检出，而 18F-FDG PET 仅检出两个原发性肿瘤。在每个病变内， 18F-PFPN 的 SUVmax 比 18F-FDG 高 2.6 至 8.3 倍。关于 PET 成像的质量，大脑和眼周组织中 18F-FDG PET 的生理摄取限制了肿瘤的成像。然而，18F-PFPN PET 最大限度地减少了这种干扰。值得注意的是，葡萄膜和视网膜中的固有色素不会导致 18F-PFPN 浓度异常，因为在健康对侧眼中未检测到 18F-PFPN 的异常摄取。与 18F-FDG 相比，18F-PFPN 的眼部检出率更高和眼眶黑色素瘤，周围组织的干扰最小。这表明 18F-PFPN 可能是一种很有前景的临床诊断工具，可用于区分眼部和眼眶黑色素瘤中的恶性黑色素瘤与良性色素沉着。版权所有 © 2024 韩国放射学会。

18F-N-(2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) picolinamide (18F-PFPN) is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe designed to specifically targets melanin. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic feasibility of 18F-PFPN in patients with ocular or orbital melanoma.Three patients with pathologically confirmed ocular or orbital melanoma (one male, two females; age 41-59 years) were retrospectively reviewed. Each patient underwent comprehensive 18F-PFPN and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET scans. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion and the interference caused by background tissue were compared between 18F-PFPN and 18F-FDG PET imaging. In addition, the effect of intrinsic pigments in the uvea and retina on the interpretation of the results was examined. The contralateral non-tumorous eye of each patient served as a control.All primary tumors (3/3) were detected using 18F-PFPN PET, while only two primary tumors were detected using 18F-FDG PET. Within each lesion, the SUVmax of 18F-PFPN was 2.6 to 8.3 times higher than that of 18F-FDG. Regarding the quality of PET imaging, the physiological uptake of 18F-FDG PET in the brain and periocular tissues limited the imaging of tumors. However, 18F-PFPN PET minimized this interference. Notably, intrinsic pigments in the uvea and retina did not cause abnormal concentrations of 18F-PFPN, as no anomalous uptake of 18F-PFPN was detected in the healthy contralateral eyes.Compared to 18F-FDG, 18F-PFPN demonstrated higher detection rates for ocular and orbital melanomas with minimal interference from surrounding tissues. This suggests that 18F-PFPN could be a promising clinical diagnostic tool for distinguishing malignant melanoma from benign pigmentation in ocular and orbital melanomas.Copyright © 2024 The Korean Society of Radiology.