到 2040 年，美国预计将有 2600 万癌症幸存者。生存护理的基本组成部分是（1）监测癌症复发，（2）监测新的原发性癌症，（3）管理治疗的身体和心理长期影响，（4）预防或减轻后期治疗影响， (5) 肿瘤学团队和初级保健临床医生之间的护理协调。监测复发的建议因癌症类型和诊断时的阶段而异。新原发性癌症的筛查与一般人群相同。尽管许多癌症幸存者没有接受建议的监测或筛查，但家庭医生可以鼓励和促进依从性。家庭医生还应该监测和管理癌症诊断和治疗对身体和心理的影响，例如抑郁、淋巴水肿、疼痛和性功能障碍。心血管疾病是癌症幸存者死亡的主要原因，通常是癌症治疗的长期影响。临床医生应建议患者戒烟戒酒、参加推荐水平的身体活动以及遵守最佳营养建议。最后，家庭医生应与癌症护理团队合作，协调护理计划并确保实现所有建议的组成部分。应向癌症幸存者提供书面幸存者护理计划，以帮助他们从积极治疗过渡到治疗后监测。 。

By 2040, there will be an estimated 26 million cancer survivors in the United States. The essential components of survivorship care are (1) surveillance for cancer recurrence, (2) surveillance for new primary cancers, (3) management of physical and psychological long-term effects of treatment, (4) prevention or mitigation of late treatment effects, and (5) coordination of care between the oncology team and primary care clinicians. Recommendations for surveillance to detect recurrence vary with cancer type and stage at diagnosis. Screening for new primary cancers is the same as for the general population. Although many cancer survivors do not undergo recommended surveillance or screening, family physicians can encourage and facilitate adherence. Family physicians should also monitor and manage the physical and psychological effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment, such as depression, lymphedema, pain, and sexual dysfunction. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death for cancer survivors, often as a long-term effect of cancer treatments. Clinicians should counsel patients on cessation of tobacco and alcohol use, participation in recommended levels of physical activity, and adherence to optimal nutrition recommendations. Finally, family physicians should work with the cancer care team to coordinate the care plan and assure that all recommended components are achieved. Written survivorship care plans should be provided to cancer survivors to help them transition from active treatment to posttreatment monitoring. .