网络药理学已成为了解天然产物的治疗效果和机制的强大工具。然而，缺乏对基于网络的天然产物方法在确定治疗效果和关键机制方面的全面评估。我们以人参作为案例研究，系统地探索了基于网络的天然产物方法的能力。人参是一种广泛使用的草药，具有多种治疗功效，但其活性成分和对慢性疾病的作用机制尚未完全了解。我们的研究通过收集和整合有关人参的数据，编制并构建了一个关注人参的网络成分、蛋白质目标和已知适应症。然后，我们评估了不同的基于网络的方法总结已知和未知疾病关联的性能。预测结果在肝星状细胞模型中得到了验证。我们发现，我们的基于多尺度相互作用的方法实现了 0.697 的 AUROC 和 0.026 的 AUPR，优于其他基于网络的方法。作为案例研究，我们进一步测试了基于多尺度相互作用组的方法识别活性成分及其治疗乳腺癌和肝硬化的合理机制的能力。我们还验证了未报告和最预测成分对肝硬化和胃肠道肿瘤的有益作用。我们的研究为系统地探索天然产物的治疗效果和关键机制提供了一个有前途的框架，并强调了基于网络的潜力天然产品研究方法。© 2024 韩国人参学会。 Elsevier B.V. 的出版服务

Network pharmacology has emerged as a powerful tool to understand the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of natural products. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluations of network-based approaches for natural products on identifying therapeutic effects and key mechanisms.We systematically explore the capabilities of network-based approaches on natural products, using Panax ginseng as a case study. P. ginseng is a widely used herb with a variety of therapeutic benefits, but its active ingredients and mechanisms of action on chronic diseases are not yet fully understood.Our study compiled and constructed a network focusing on P. ginseng by collecting and integrating data on ingredients, protein targets, and known indications. We then evaluated the performance of different network-based methods for summarizing known and unknown disease associations. The predicted results were validated in the hepatic stellate cell model.We find that our multiscale interaction-based approach achieved an AUROC of 0.697 and an AUPR of 0.026, which outperforms other network-based approaches. As a case study, we further tested the ability of multiscale interactome-based approaches to identify active ingredients and their plausible mechanisms for breast cancer and liver cirrhosis. We also validated the beneficial effects of unreported and top-predicted ingredients, in cases of liver cirrhosis and gastrointestinal neoplasms.our study provides a promising framework to systematically explore the therapeutic effects and key mechanisms of natural products, and highlights the potential of network-based approaches in natural product research.© 2024 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.