粒细胞（包括嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞）源自骨髓谱系，与肥大细胞一起，在整个过敏性疾病谱系中发挥着重要且通常不同的作用。虽然这些细胞及其介质通常与过敏性炎症有关，但它们也表现出多种促进或限制肿瘤生长的功能。在这篇立场文件中，我们讨论了与过敏和癌症中的免疫调节功能相关的常见粒细胞和肥大细胞特征。我们强调了可能为癌症治疗提供信息的关键机制，并提出了未来研究的相关领域。我们建议了解粒细胞、肥大细胞和肿瘤微环境之间的通讯对于识别可用于对抗肿瘤发展的免疫机制至关重要。例如，全面了解驱动不同中性粒细胞状态的过敏和免疫因素以及将肥大细胞与免疫治疗耐药性联系起来的机制，可能有助于对特定亚群进行针对性操作，从而实现癌症的精准免疫治疗。我们推荐 AllergoOncology 的特定研究领域和跨疾病背景的知识交流，以揭示过敏和癌症中相关的相互功能，并允许对这些强大的细胞群进行治疗操作。这些将有助于解决对过敏性疾病和癌症患者进行分层和管理方面未得到满足的需求。© 2024 作者。欧洲过敏与临床免疫学研究院和约翰·威利出版的《过敏》

Derived from the myeloid lineage, granulocytes, including basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils, along with mast cells, play important, often disparate, roles across the allergic disease spectrum. While these cells and their mediators are commonly associated with allergic inflammation, they also exhibit several functions either promoting or restricting tumor growth. In this Position Paper we discuss common granulocyte and mast cell features relating to immunomodulatory functions in allergy and in cancer. We highlight key mechanisms which may inform cancer treatment and propose pertinent areas for future research. We suggest areas where understanding the communication between granulocytes, mast cells, and the tumor microenvironment, will be crucial for identifying immune mechanisms that may be harnessed to counteract tumor development. For example, a comprehensive understanding of allergic and immune factors driving distinct neutrophil states and those mechanisms that link mast cells with immunotherapy resistance, might enable targeted manipulation of specific subpopulations, leading to precision immunotherapy in cancer. We recommend specific areas of investigation in AllergoOncology and knowledge exchange across disease contexts to uncover pertinent reciprocal functions in allergy and cancer and allow therapeutic manipulation of these powerful cell populations. These will help address the unmet needs in stratifying and managing patients with allergic diseases and cancer.© 2024 The Author(s). Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.