肿瘤耐药性对有效的癌症治疗提出了重大挑战，因此必须探索新的治疗策略。最近的研究强调了免疫细胞在肿瘤抵抗力发展中的深刻参与。在肿瘤微环境中，巨噬细胞极化为 M2 表型，从而促进耐药肿瘤的出现。中性粒细胞通过形成细胞外陷阱有助于肿瘤抵抗。 T 细胞和自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞通过对肿瘤细胞的直接细胞毒性发挥作用。此外，树突状细胞 (DC) 通过刺激 T 细胞激活来预防肿瘤耐药性。在这篇综述中，我们全面总结了目前关于分子水平上免疫细胞介导的肿瘤抵抗调节的知识，特别关注巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、DC、T 细胞和 NK 细胞。免疫细胞调节的靶向在解决耐药性方面表现出巨大的潜力，对免疫细胞和肿瘤细胞之间分子相互作用的深入了解为创新疗法的开发带来了希望。此外，我们还探讨了这些免疫细胞在治疗耐药肿瘤中的临床意义。本综述强调探索利用免疫细胞功能有效克服耐药肿瘤的新方法。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Tumor resistance poses a significant challenge to effective cancer treatment, making it imperative to explore new therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have highlighted the profound involvement of immune cells in the development of tumor resistance. Within the tumor microenvironment, macrophages undergo polarization into the M2 phenotype, thus promoting the emergence of drug-resistant tumors. Neutrophils contribute to tumor resistance by forming extracellular traps. While T cells and natural killer (NK) cells exert their impact through direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Additionally, dendritic cells (DCs) have been implicated in preventing tumor drug resistance by stimulating T cell activation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge regarding immune cell-mediated modulation of tumor resistance at the molecular level, with a particular focus on macrophages, neutrophils, DCs, T cells, and NK cells. The targeting of immune cell modulation exhibits considerable potential for addressing drug resistance, and an in-depth understanding of the molecular interactions between immune cells and tumor cells holds promise for the development of innovative therapies. Furthermore, we explore the clinical implications of these immune cells in the treatment of drug-resistant tumors. This review emphasizes the exploration of novel approaches that harness the functional capabilities of immune cells to effectively overcome drug-resistant tumors.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.