鉴于意外伤害几乎是不可避免的，骨骼的再生能力对于生长是必不可少的。骨再生能力与全球人口老龄化以及截骨术后大骨缺损的修复（例如，恶性骨肿瘤切除后）相关。在提出的众多骨再生治疗方式中，电刺激因其经济便利和卓越的疗效而引起了人们的广泛关注，并且出现了各种电活性生物材料。本综述总结了有关改善骨修复的电刺激策略的当前知识和进展。此类策略的范围从使用外部电源通过导电材料提供电刺激的传统方法到自供电生物材料（例如压电材料和纳米发电机）。电刺激和成骨通过骨压电相关。本综述探讨了电活性生物材料在骨愈合中的细胞行为和电刺激的潜在机制，旨在为使用电活性生物材料进行骨再生的机制提供新的见解。本综述探讨了电活性生物材料在恢复电微环境以促进骨再生中的作用，阐述了电生物材料的当前进展以及电信号介导骨再生的机制。总结了成骨相关细胞和电活性生物材料之间的相互作用，从而提出了有关使用基于电刺激的疗法来加速骨愈合的建议。© 2024 作者。

The regenerative capacity of bone is indispensable for growth, given that accidental injury is almost inevitable. Bone regenerative capacity is relevant for the aging population globally and for the repair of large bone defects after osteotomy (e.g., following removal of malignant bone tumours). Among the many therapeutic modalities proposed to bone regeneration, electrical stimulation has attracted significant attention owing to its economic convenience and exceptional curative effects, and various electroactive biomaterials have emerged. This review summarizes the current knowledge and progress regarding electrical stimulation strategies for improving bone repair. Such strategies range from traditional methods of delivering electrical stimulation via electroconductive materials using external power sources to self-powered biomaterials, such as piezoelectric materials and nanogenerators. Electrical stimulation and osteogenesis are related via bone piezoelectricity. This review examines cell behaviour and the potential mechanisms of electrostimulation via electroactive biomaterials in bone healing, aiming to provide new insights regarding the mechanisms of bone regeneration using electroactive biomaterials.This review examines the roles of electroactive biomaterials in rehabilitating the electrical microenvironment to facilitate bone regeneration, addressing current progress in electrical biomaterials and the mechanisms whereby electrical cues mediate bone regeneration. Interactions between osteogenesis-related cells and electroactive biomaterials are summarized, leading to proposals regarding the use of electrical stimulation-based therapies to accelerate bone healing.© 2024 The Authors.