结直肠癌仍然是全球第三大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。与肺癌和乳腺癌等其他常见肿瘤相比，这些肿瘤的治疗进展和精准肿瘤医学已经停滞不前。然而，最近公布的三氟尿苷/替匹拉西 (TAS-102)-贝伐珠单抗组合的 SUNLIGHT 试验结果以及引导治疗的新分子靶点的出现，为三线转移性结直肠癌治疗开辟了新的可能性。抗 EGFR 再激发、抗 HER2 靶向治疗或加压腹腔内气溶胶化疗 (PIPAC) 的有希望的结果是一些可用的选择，可能会改变可能的三线结直肠治疗。在此，我们提供了三线结直肠癌及其他癌症的不同治疗方案的证据，以及对它们进行测序的可能性。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Colorectal cancer remains the third most common cancer worldwide and the second cause of cancer-related death. Treatment advances and precision oncological medicine for these tumours have been stalled in comparison to those for other common tumours such as lung and breast cancer. However, the recent publication of the SUNLIGHT trial results with the trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102)-bevacizumab combination and the irruption of new molecular targets with guided treatments have opened new possibilities in third-line metastatic colorectal cancer management. Anti-EGFR rechallenge, anti-HER2 targeted therapies or the promising results of Pressurised Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC), are some of the available options that may modify what is presumably third-line colorectal treatment. Hereby, we present the evidence of the different treatment options in third-line colorectal cancer and beyond, as well as the possibilities of sequencing them.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.