老学校空气中 PCB 水平升高令人担忧，因为它们对健康产生影响，包括癌症、代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪肝病 (MASLD)、心血管问题、神经发育疾病和糖尿病。在吸入 PCB52（一种学校环境中常见的空气污染物）为期 4 周的过程中，青春期大鼠的肝脏中表现出明显的 PCB52 及其羟基化形式，同时基因表达也发生了变化。与雄性大鼠相比，雌性大鼠表现出更明显的基因表达变化，特别是受转录因子 SREBP1 调节的脂肪酸合成基因。人类肝细胞的体外研究表明，PCB52 的羟基化代谢物 4-OH-PCB52（而非母体化合物）上调参与脂肪酸生物合成的基因，与体内暴露类似。这些发现强调了 PCB52 暴露对肝脏（尤其是女性）的性别特异性影响，表明 MASLD 易感性增加的潜在途径。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Elevated airborne PCB levels in older schools are concerning due to their health impacts, including cancer, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), cardiovascular issues, neurodevelopmental diseases, and diabetes. During a four-week inhalation exposure to PCB52, an air pollutant commonly found in school environments, adolescent rats exhibited notable presence of PCB52 and its hydroxylated forms in their livers, alongside changes in gene expression. Female rats exhibited more pronounced changes in gene expression compared to males, particularly in fatty acid synthesis genes regulated by the transcription factor SREBP1. In vitro studies with human liver cells showed that the hydroxylated metabolite of PCB52, 4-OH-PCB52, but not the parent compound, upregulated genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis similar to in vivo exposure. These findings highlight the sex-specific effects of PCB52 exposure on livers, particularly in females, suggesting a potential pathway for increased MASLD susceptibility.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.