松果体实质肿瘤是罕见的肿瘤，缺乏基于证据的治疗建议。这些肿瘤在生物学、临床特征和预后方面各不相同，需要的治疗范围从单纯手术切除到强化多模式抗肿瘤治疗。最近，国际合作研究揭示了这些肿瘤的基因组图谱，从而完善了第五版世界卫生组织 (WHO) 中枢神经系统肿瘤分类中基于分子的疾病分类。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关诊断和治疗方法的文献，并对松果体区固有肿块患者的临床治疗提出了务实的建议，包括实质肿瘤（松果体细胞瘤、松果体中间分化实质肿瘤和松果体母细胞瘤）、松果体囊肿、和松果体区乳头状肿瘤。© 作者 2024。由牛津大学出版社代表神经肿瘤学会出版。版权所有。如需商业重复使用，请联系 reprints@oup.com 获取转载和转载的翻译权。所有其他权限都可以通过我们网站文章页面上的权限链接通过我们的 RightsLink 服务获得 - 如需了解更多信息，请联系journals.permissions@oup.com。

Pineal parenchymal tumors are rare neoplasms for which evidence-based treatment recommendations are lacking. These tumors vary in biology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis, requiring treatment that ranges from surgical resection alone to intensive multimodal antineoplastic therapy. Recently, international collaborative studies have shed light on the genomic landscape of these tumors, leading to refinement in molecular-based disease classification in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize the literature on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and suggest pragmatic recommendations for the clinical management of patients presenting with intrinsic pineal region masses including parenchymal tumors (pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, and pineoblastoma), pineal cyst, and papillary tumors of the pineal region.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.