肿瘤免疫治疗以其特异性高、副作用小等特点，在癌症治疗领域取得了革命性的进展。然而，肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）的复杂机制和患者免疫系统的个体变异性仍然对其临床应用提出了重大挑战。免疫细胞膜包被纳米载体系统作为一种创新的仿生药物递送平台，由于其高靶向性、良好的生物相容性和低免疫原性，在肿瘤免疫治疗中表现出显着的优势。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于免疫细胞的仿生递送系统用于肿瘤免疫治疗的最新研究进展。我们概述了现有的肿瘤免疫治疗方法，包括免疫检查点治疗、过继性细胞转移治疗和癌症疫苗等，重点介绍了各种免疫细胞膜在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用及其在药物递送和免疫调节方面的前景和挑战。我们期待进一步探索基于免疫细胞膜包被纳米粒子的仿生递送系统的应用，旨在为肿瘤免疫的临床治疗提供新的框架。© 2024。作者，经上海免疫细胞研究所独家许可中国科学院药物研究所、中国药理学会。

Tumor immunotherapy characterized by its high specificity and minimal side effects has achieved revolutionary progress in the field of cancer treatment. However, the complex mechanisms of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and the individual variability of patients' immune system still present significant challenges to its clinical application. Immunocyte membrane-coated nanocarrier systems, as an innovative biomimetic drug delivery platform, exhibit remarkable advantages in tumor immunotherapy due to their high targeting capability, good biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. In this review we summarize the latest research advances in biomimetic delivery systems based on immune cells for tumor immunotherapy. We outline the existing methods of tumor immunotherapy including immune checkpoint therapy, adoptive cell transfer therapy and cancer vaccines etc. with a focus on the application of various immunocyte membranes in tumor immunotherapy and their prospects and challenges in drug delivery and immune modulation. We look forward to further exploring the application of biomimetic delivery systems based on immunocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles, aiming to provide a new framework for the clinical treatment of tumor immunity.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Pharmacological Society.