腹部和骨盆中的疾病传播通常以与解剖标志和筋膜平面相关的可预测模式发生。在解剖学上，腹盆腔被关键韧带和筋膜平面细分为几个较小的空间或隔室。腹腔传统上分为腹膜、腹膜后和盆腔腹膜外空间。最近，出现了更多临床相关的分类。许多病理状况影响腹腔，包括创伤、炎症、感染和肿瘤过程。这些异常可以通过各种途径延伸到其起源部位之外。确定疾病过程的起源是制定鉴别诊断并最终达成最终诊断的第一步。病理状况因疾病传播途径而异。例如，简单的液体沿着筋膜平面流动，尊重解剖学边界，而急性坏死性胰腺炎的液体可以破坏筋膜平面，导致跨筋膜扩散，而不考虑解剖学标志。此外，肿瘤过程可以通过多种途径传播，并具有传播到不相邻部位的倾向。当疾病过程的起源并不明显时，识别传播模式可以让放射科医生逆向工作并最终到达发病部位或根源。因此，对腹膜解剖结构、疾病过程的典型器官或起源部位以及相应的疾病传播模式的全面了解不仅对于初步诊断至关重要，而且对于建立分期路线图、预测进一步的疾病也至关重要传播，指导搜索模式和报告清单，确定预后，并定制适当的后续影像学研究。 ©RSNA，2024 本文提供了补充材料。

Disease spread in the abdomen and pelvis generally occurs in a predictable pattern in relation to anatomic landmarks and fascial planes. Anatomically, the abdominopelvic cavity is subdivided into several smaller spaces or compartments by key ligaments and fascial planes. The abdominal cavity has been traditionally divided into peritoneal, retroperitoneal, and pelvic extraperitoneal spaces. Recently, more clinically relevant classifications have evolved. Many pathologic conditions affect the abdominal cavity, including traumatic, inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic processes. These abnormalities can extend beyond their sites of origin through various pathways. Identifying the origin of a disease process is the first step in formulating a differential diagnosis and ultimately reaching a final diagnosis. Pathologic conditions differ in terms of pathways of disease spread. For example, simple fluid tracks along fascial planes, respecting anatomic boundaries, while fluid from acute necrotizing pancreatitis can destroy fascial planes, resulting in transfascial spread without regard for anatomic landmarks. Furthermore, neoplastic processes can spread through multiple pathways, with a propensity for spread to noncontiguous sites. When the origin of a disease process is not readily apparent, recognizing the spread pattern can allow the radiologist to work backward and ultimately arrive at the site or source of pathogenesis. As such, a cohesive understanding of the peritoneal anatomy, the typical organ or site of origin for a disease process, and the corresponding pattern of disease spread is critical not only for initial diagnosis but also for establishing a road map for staging, anticipating further disease spread, guiding search patterns and report checklists, determining prognosis, and tailoring appropriate follow-up imaging studies. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.