非传染性疾病（NCD）是指与不良行为和生活方式密切相关的一类疾病，如心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病等。在人口增长和老龄化的推动下，非传染性疾病已成为全球最大的疾病负担，防控这些慢性病刻不容缓。自噬是一种进化上保守的过程，可降解溶酶体中细胞衰老或故障的细胞器。越来越多的证据表明自噬在心血管疾病、癌症和其他主要人类疾病的发病机制中发挥着重要作用，表明自噬可能成为非传染性疾病的候选治疗靶点。天然产物/植物化学物质是对抗多种疾病的药物的重要资源。最近，来自天然植物的化合物，如白藜芦醇、姜黄素和熊果酸，被认为是有前途的自噬调节剂。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了非传染性疾病中天然自噬调节剂的最新进展和发展现状，并提供了最新的体外和体内实验的更新，为临床研究铺平了道路。具体来说，我们关注天然自噬调节剂与非传染性疾病之间的关系，旨在识别具有治疗潜力的天然自噬调节剂。© 2024。作者，经中国科学院上海药物研究所独家许可，中国药理学会.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are defined as a kind of diseases closely related to bad behaviors and lifestyles, e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Driven by population growth and aging, NCDs have become the biggest disease burden in the world, and it is urgent to prevent and control these chronic diseases. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that degrade cellular senescent or malfunctioning organelles in lysosomes. Mounting evidence has demonstrated a major role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other major human diseases, suggesting that autophagy could be a candidate therapeutic target for NCDs. Natural products/phytochemicals are important resources for drugs against a wide variety of diseases. Recently, compounds from natural plants, such as resveratrol, curcumin, and ursolic acid, have been recognized as promising autophagy modulators. In this review, we address recent advances and the current status of the development of natural autophagy modulators in NCDs and provide an update of the latest in vitro and in vivo experiments that pave the way to clinical studies. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between natural autophagy modulators and NCDs, with an intent to identify natural autophagy modulators with therapeutic potential.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Pharmacological Society.