癌症相关的恶病质是一种多因素消耗性疾病，其特征是厌食、无意的体重减轻（骨骼肌质量伴或不伴脂肪量减少）、进行性功能障碍和预后不良。这篇系统文献综述 (SLR) 检查了最近文献中结直肠癌或胰腺癌患者恶病质与生存之间的关系。 SLR 是按照 PRISMA 指南进行的。检索了 Embase® 和 PubMed，以找出 2016 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 10 月 10 日之间以英文发表的文章，这些文章报告了患有癌症和恶病质或有恶病质风险的成人的生存情况，这些文章由国际共识 (IC) 诊断标准或更广泛的任何体重定义定义损失。纳入的出版物是针对 ≥100 名结直肠癌或胰腺癌患者的研究。 13 篇关于结直肠癌患者的出版物和 13 篇关于胰腺癌患者的出版物符合资格标准。纳入的研究是观察性的，主要来自欧洲和美国。 11 项研究 (42%) 使用 IC 标准报告了恶病质，15 项研究 (58%) 报告了体重减轻。使用多变量（n = 23）或单变量（n = 3）分析以及在多个减肥类别的每项研究中评估生存与恶病质或体重减轻之间的关联。在使用多变量分析的 23 项研究中的 16 项和使用单变量分析的 3 项研究中的 1 项 (33%) 中，恶病质/体重减轻与至少一种体重减轻类别的生存率在统计学上显着较差相关。在证明存在显着关联的 17 项研究中，9 项针对结直肠癌患者，8 项针对胰腺癌患者。在近三分之二的研究中，恶病质或体重减轻与结直肠癌或胰腺癌患者的生存率显着降低有关。减肥的分类在研究之间和研究内部各不相同（评估了多个类别），并且可能导致了变异性。尽管如此，在结直肠癌或胰腺癌患者的临床实践中，对恶病质的认识和对体重变化的常规评估可能有助于了解预后并影响早期疾病管理策略。© 2024 Pfizer Inc. 和作者。 《恶病质、肌肉减少症和肌肉杂志》由 Wiley periodicals LLC 出版。

Cancer-associated cachexia is a multifactorial wasting disorder characterized by anorexia, unintentional weight loss (skeletal muscle mass with or without loss of fat mass), progressive functional impairment, and poor prognosis. This systematic literature review (SLR) examined the relationship between cachexia and survival in patients with colorectal or pancreatic cancer in recent literature. The SLR was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Embase® and PubMed were searched to identify articles published in English between 1 January 2016 and 10 October 2021 reporting survival in adults with cancer and cachexia or at risk of cachexia, defined by international consensus (IC) diagnostic criteria or a broader definition of any weight loss. Included publications were studies in ≥100 patients with colorectal or pancreatic cancer. Thirteen publications in patients with colorectal cancer and 13 with pancreatic cancer met eligibility criteria. Included studies were observational and primarily from Europe and the United States. Eleven studies (42%) reported cachexia using IC criteria and 15 (58%) reported any weight loss. An association between survival and cachexia or weight loss was assessed across studies using multivariate (n = 23) or univariate (n = 3) analyses and within each study across multiple weight loss categories. Cachexia/weight loss was associated with a statistically significantly poorer survival in at least one weight loss category in 16 of 23 studies that used multivariate analyses and in 1 of 3 studies (33%) that used univariate analyses. Of the 17 studies demonstrating a significant association, 9 were in patients with colorectal cancer and 8 were in patients with pancreatic cancer. Cachexia or weight loss was associated with significantly poorer survival in patients with colorectal or pancreatic cancer in nearly two-thirds of the studies. The classification of weight loss varied across and within studies (multiple categories were evaluated) and may have contributed to variability. Nonetheless, awareness of cachexia and routine assessment of weight change in clinical practice in patients with colorectal or pancreatic cancer could help inform prognosis and influence early disease management strategies.© 2024 Pfizer Inc. and The Author(s). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.