抗肿瘤疗法的发展显着改善了癌症预后，但同时也导致了心血管毒性。了解这些毒性背后的生物学机制对于有效管理至关重要。免疫治疗相关的心血管毒性主要由免疫细胞和分泌的细胞因子介导。化疗可能通过自噬破坏和线粒体功能障碍导致心血管损伤。靶向治疗可通过内皮素-1 (ET-1) 的产生和心脏信号传导的破坏来诱导毒性。放射治疗可能通过影响内皮细胞、引发炎症反应并加速动脉粥样硬化而导致心肌病和心肌纤维化。本综述提供了对这些机制和策略的见解，旨在加强心血管毒性的临床预防和治疗。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。

The evolution of antitumor therapies has significantly improved cancer prognosis but has concurrently resulted in cardiovascular toxicities. Understanding the biological mechanisms behind these toxicities is crucial for effective management. Immunotherapy-related cardiovascular toxicities are primarily mediated by immune cells and secreted cytokines. Chemotherapy may cause cardiovascular damage through autophagy disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction. Targeted therapies can induce toxicity through endothelin-1 (ET-1) production and cardiac signaling disruption. Radiotherapy may lead to cardiomyopathy and myocardial fibrosis by affecting endothelial cells, triggering inflammatory responses and accelerating atherosclerosis. This review provides insights into these mechanisms and strategies, aiming to enhance the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiovascular toxicities.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.