18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（18F-FDG-PET/CT）在原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤（PCNSL）的预后和疗效评估中的作用尚不明确。我们对 268 例连续新诊断的患者进行了回顾性分析2006 年至 2020 年间患有 PCNSL 的患者。在这些患者中，分别纳入了 105 名和 110 名患者，以评估基线和治疗后 18F-FDG-PET/CT 扫描的预后价值。当视觉评估时肿瘤摄取超过对侧大脑时，肿瘤摄取被认为是阳性的。基线18F-FDG-PET/CT的定量分析包括最大标准化摄取值（SUVmax）、总代谢肿瘤体积（TMTV）和总病灶糖酵解（TLG）的测量。268名患者的中位年龄为62岁（范围：17-85），其中55%为男性。中位无进展生存期 (PFS) 为 24.5 个月（95% 置信区间 [CI]，19.9-29.1），中位总生存期 (OS) 为 34.5 个月（95% CI，22.9-46.1）。平均 SUVmax 为 15.3 ± 5.7，平均 TMTV 和 TLG 分别为 12.6 ± 13.9 cm3 和 135.0 ± 152.7 g。基线 TMTV ≥17.0 cm3 的患者 OS 显着缩短（12.5 个月与 74.0 个月，p=0.011）。 18F-FDG-PET/CT 的治疗后代谢反应可显着预测 PFS（中位：10.5 个月与 46.0 个月，p=0.001）和 OS（中位：21.0 个月与 62.0 个月，p=0.002），而解剖学反应则相反- 增强 MRI 显示 PFS (p=0.130) 或 OS (p=0.540) 无统计学显着性差异。通过 18F-FDG-PET/CT 评估的基线 TMTV 和治疗后代谢反应是患有以下疾病的患者的重要预后因素PCNSL.© 作者 2024 年。由牛津大学出版社代表神经肿瘤学会出版。版权所有。如需商业重复使用，请联系 reprints@oup.com 获取转载和转载的翻译权。所有其他权限都可以通过我们网站文章页面上的权限链接通过我们的 RightsLink 服务获得 - 如需了解更多信息，请联系journals.permissions@oup.com。

The role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in the prognostication and response evaluation of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains inadequately defined.We conducted a retrospective analysis of 268 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with PCNSL between 2006 and 2020. Of these patients, 105 and 110 patients were included to evaluate the prognostic value of baseline and post-treatment 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans, respectively. Tumor uptake was considered positive when it exceeded that of the contralateral brain upon visual assessment. Quantitative analysis of baseline 18F-FDG-PET/CT included measurement of the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG).The median age of the 268 patients was 62 years (range: 17-85), with 55% being male. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 24.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.9-29.1), and the median overall survival (OS) was 34.5 months (95% CI, 22.9-46.1). The average SUVmax was 15.3 ± 5.7 and the mean TMTV and TLG were 12.6 ± 13.9 cm3 and 135.0 ± 152.7 g, respectively. Patients with a baseline TMTV ≥17.0 cm3 had significantly shorter OS (12.5 vs. 74.0 months, p=0.011). Post-treatment metabolic response by 18F-FDG-PET/CT significantly predicted PFS (median: 10.5 vs. 46.0 months, p=0.001) and OS (median: 21.0 vs. 62.0 months, p=0.002), whereas anatomic response by contrast-enhanced MRI showed no statistically significant differences in PFS (p=0.130) or OS (p=0.540).Baseline TMTV and post-treatment metabolic response, as assessed by 18F-FDG-PET/CT, are significant prognostic factors in patients with PCNSL.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.