旨在评估热消融治疗孤立性低危 T2N0M0 甲状腺乳头状癌 (PTC) 的有效性和安全性，并比较微波消融 (MWA) 和射频消融 (RFA) 的结果。这项回顾性、单中心研究涉及 34 名患者（年龄：40.0 ± 13.9 岁；28 名女性）患有低风险 T2N0M0 PTC，最大直径 >2 cm 且≤4 cm，并于 2016 年 11 月至 2023 年 4 月接受了 MWA (n = 15) 或 RFA (n = 19)。主要结局是疾病进展的累积率和延迟手术率。相反，次要结局包括肿瘤大小的变化、肿瘤完全消失的累积率和并发症发生率。中位随访期为18.0个月（四分位距[IQR]：9.0-40.0个月）。 12个月时，消融区中位体积缩小率为74.2%（IQR：53.7%-86.0%）。两名患者在 1 年内出现疾病进展，其中一名患者在 RFA 后出现局部肿瘤进展，另一名患者在 MWA 后出现新肿瘤，导致累积疾病进展率为 8.8%（95% 置信区间 [CI]） ：0%-19.8%）在剩余的随访期内。两名患者随后接受了额外的消融治疗，不需要手术。 1年、3年和5年的累积肿瘤完全消失率分别为4.0%（95% CI：0%-11.4%）、26.8%（95% CI：2.7%-44.9%）和51.2%（95% CI）。 CI：0%-79.1%）。 MWA 组和 RFA 组之间的疾病进展率 (P = 0.829) 或肿瘤完全消失率 (P = 0.633) 没有观察到显着差异。 14.7% (5/34) 出现暂时性声音嘶哑的患者出现并发症。 RFA 的并发症发生率高于 MWA（21.1% [4/19] vs. 6.7% [1/15]；P = 0.355）。MWA 和 RFA 的短期疗效均表现出良好的前景治疗孤立性低风险 T2N0M0 PTC 的疗效和安全性，没有显着差异。版权所有 © 2024 韩国放射学会。

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation in treating solitary low-risk T2N0M0 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and compare the outcomes of microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA).This retrospective, single center study involved 34 patients (age: 40.0 ± 13.9 years; 28 female) who had low-risk T2N0M0 PTC with a maximum diameter >2 cm and ≤4 cm and underwent MWA (n = 15) or RFA (n = 19) from November 2016 to April 2023. The primary outcomes were the cumulative rate of disease progression and delayed surgery rates. In contrast, the secondary outcomes included changes in tumor size, cumulative rate of complete tumor disappearance, and complication rates.The median follow-up period was 18.0 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 9.0-40.0 months). At 12 months, the median volume reduction rate of the ablation zone was 74.2% (IQR: 53.7%-86.0%). Disease progression was noted in two patients within 1 year, including one patient with local tumor progression post-RFA and one with a new tumor post-MWA, resulting in a constant cumulative disease progression rate of 8.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0%-19.8%) throughout the remaining follow-up period. Both patients were subsequently treated with additional ablation and did not require surgery. The cumulative rates of complete tumor disappearance at 1, 3, and 5 years were 4.0% (95% CI: 0%-11.4%), 26.8% (95% CI: 2.7%-44.9%), and 51.2% (95% CI: 0%-79.1%), respectively. No significant differences were observed in the disease progression (P = 0.829) or complete tumor disappearance (P = 0.633) rates between the MWA and RFA groups. Complications occurred in 14.7% (5/34) of patients presenting with transient hoarseness. RFA had a higher but not statistically significant complication rate than MWA did (21.1% [4/19] vs. 6.7% [1/15]; P = 0.355).Both MWA and RFA demonstrated promising short-term outcomes in terms of efficacy and safety in treating solitary low-risk T2N0M0 PTC, with no significant differences.Copyright © 2024 The Korean Society of Radiology.