潘氏细胞和潘氏细胞化生在病理学中作为胃肠系统的基本组成部分而众所周知。然而，当在恶性细胞内（潘氏细胞分化[PCD]）时，这些细胞的功能和意义尚不清楚。在此，我们介绍第一项针对新辅助食管腺癌 (EAC) 切除标本中 PCD 的研究结果。我们对 2012 年至 2018 年间在我们机构接受新辅助放化疗并随后进行食管切除术的 EAC 患者进行了回顾性评估。构建组织芯片，​​进行特殊染色和免疫组化染色。共收集64例，其中8例患有PCD，高碘酸-希夫淀粉酶染色突出显示。伴有 PCD 的腺癌更常见于 60 至 70 岁的患者，通常具有低分化形态，观察到较少的间质粘液性变化和较少的淋巴结转移。在 PCD 阳性病例中，新辅助治疗诱导的 β-连环蛋白激活更为频繁。 PCD 阳性疾病患者的程序性细胞死亡 1 配体 1 水平较低，没有阳性或可疑的 ERBB2 (HER2) 表达，并且 CD8 阳性 T 细胞浸润较低；他们还精通错配修复。 PCD 阳性疾病患者的生存模式低于 PCD 阴性疾病患者。当 EAC 中接受新辅助治疗时，PCD 与高 β-连环蛋白激活、靶向生物标志物表达较少以及可能更差的临床症状相关。预后。© 作者 2024。由牛津大学出版社代表美国临床病理学会出版。版权所有。如需商业重复使用，请联系 reprints@oup.com 获取转载和转载的翻译权。所有其他权限都可以通过我们网站文章页面上的权限链接通过我们的 RightsLink 服务获得 - 如需了解更多信息，请联系journals.permissions@oup.com。

Paneth cells and Paneth cell metaplasia are well-known in pathology as foundational components in the gastrointestinal system. When within malignant cells (Paneth cell differentiation [PCD]), however, the function and significance of these cells is less well understood. Here, we present findings from the first study focused on PCD in postneoadjuvant esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) resection specimens.Patients with EAC treated with neoadjuvant chemoradioation and followed by esophagectomy between 2012 and 2018 in our institution were retrospectively evaluated. A tissue microarray was constructed, and special and immunohistochemical stains were performed.A total of 64 cases were collected, of which 8 had PCD, as highlighted by periodic acid-Schiff with diastase staining. Adenocarcinomas with PCD were more commonly seen in patients 60 to 70 years of age and typically had a poorly differentiated morphology, observationally fewer stromal mucinous changes, and less lymph node metastasis. β-catenin activation induced by neoadjuvant therapy was more frequent in the PCD-positive cases. Patients with PCD-positive disease had low programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 levels, no positive or equivocal ERBB2 (HER2) expression, and low CD8-positive T-cell infiltration; they were also mismatch repair proficient. Patients with PCD-positive disease showed a survival pattern inferior to that of patients with PCD-negative disease.When induced by neoadjuvant therapy in EAC, PCD is associated with high β-catenin activation, less expression of targetable biomarkers, and a potentially worse clinical prognosis.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pathology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.