全基因组复制 (WGD) 发生在所有王国中，并影响物种形成、驯化和癌症结果。然而，双 DNA 管理对于新生多倍体来说可能具有挑战性。种内多倍体（同源多倍体）的研究允许重点关注 DNA 管理方面，将其与杂交（在异源多倍体杂种中）的混杂效应脱钩。同源多倍体如何耐受，年轻的多倍体如何稳定？在这里，我们引入一个强大的模型来解决这个问题：耳蜗属，它经历了许多多倍化事件。我们评估减数分裂和其他多倍体相关表型，生成染色体规模的基因组，并对来自 33 个倍性对比群体的 113 个个体进行测序。我们在着丝粒成分和离子转运蛋白上检测到明显的同源多倍体相关的选择信号。对选定的等位基因进行建模，我们详细介绍了着丝粒复合体介导多倍体适应的证据。我们比较了相隔 4000 万年的三个属的独立同源多倍体的候选者，突出了过程和基因水平上的共同功能，表明了响应多倍体的进化灵活性。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。

Whole-genome duplication (WGD) occurs in all kingdoms and impacts speciation, domestication, and cancer outcome. However, doubled DNA management can be challenging for nascent polyploids. The study of within-species polyploidy (autopolyploidy) permits focus on this DNA management aspect, decoupling it from the confounding effects of hybridization (in allopolyploid hybrids). How is autopolyploidy tolerated, and how do young polyploids stabilize? Here, we introduce a powerful model to address this: the genus Cochlearia, which has experienced many polyploidization events. We assess meiosis and other polyploid-relevant phenotypes, generate a chromosome-scale genome, and sequence 113 individuals from 33 ploidy-contrasting populations. We detect an obvious autopolyploidy-associated selection signal at kinetochore components and ion transporters. Modeling the selected alleles, we detail evidence of the kinetochore complex mediating adaptation to polyploidy. We compare candidates in independent autopolyploids across three genera separated by 40 million years, highlighting a common function at the process and gene levels, indicating evolutionary flexibility in response to polyploidy.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.