解码透明细胞肾细胞癌中的 PTEN 调节：生物标志物发现和治疗见解的途径。
Decoding PTEN regulation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Pathway for biomarker discovery and therapeutic insights.
发表日期：2024 Aug 06
作者：
Ângela Alves, Rui Medeiros, Ana Luísa Teixeira, Francisca Dias
来源：
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
摘要：
肾细胞癌是最常见的成人肾脏实体瘤和最致命的泌尿系统癌症，其中透明细胞肾细胞癌（ccRCC）是主要亚型。 PI3K/AKT 信号通路在 ccRCC 肿瘤发生中发挥核心作用，其中其异常激活赋予高度侵袭性表型，导致对当前疗法的快速抵抗和远处转移。因此，治疗耐药和疾病进展仍然是有效管理 ccRCC 的持续临床挑战。 PTEN 是 PI3K/AKT 信号轴的拮抗剂，是肿瘤进展的关键因素，在 ccRCC 中经常出现缺失或失活，从而导致患者死亡率升高。因此，了解 ccRCC 肿瘤中 PTEN 抑制的分子机制有望发现生物标志物和治疗靶点，最终增强患者监测和治疗结果。本综述旨在总结这些机制，强调它们在管理 ccRCC 方面的潜在预后、预测和治疗价值。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common adult renal solid tumor and the deadliest urological cancer, with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) being the predominant subtype. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway assumes a central role in ccRCC tumorigenesis, wherein its abnormal activation confers a highly aggressive phenotype, leading to swift resistance against current therapies and distant metastasis. Thus, treatment resistance and disease progression remain a persistent clinical challenge in managing ccRCC effectively. PTEN, an antagonist of the PI3K/AKT signaling axis, emerges as a crucial factor in tumor progression, often experiencing loss or inactivation in ccRCC, thereby contributing to elevated mortality rates in patients. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying PTEN suppression in ccRCC tumors holds promise for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets, ultimately enhancing patient monitoring and treatment outcomes. The present review aims to summarize these mechanisms, emphasizing their potential prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic value in managing ccRCC.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.