这篇评论对 Wei 等人的研究进行了深思熟虑的讨论。在该杂志上发表了关于 Olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) 在不完全肠化生（一种胃癌前期疾病）中的作用的文章。原始论文介绍了 OLFM4 作为一种新型生物标志物，与现有标志物相比，其诊断功效具有潜在的增强作用。然而，注意到了一些方法论和解释性的考虑。可以通过使用更高的放大倍数来完善组织病理学结果，以更好地阐明 OLFM4 的细胞定位。包括关键染色的高分辨率图像将增强该研究在表达谱分析中的稳健性。可以通过采用更严格的定量方法来加强统计方法。此外，整合免疫荧光双染可以提高结果的可靠性。数据集之间免疫组织化学信号的差异表明需要进一步研究组织切片的代表性。澄清术语“胃癌细胞的癌前病变”以与广泛接受的定义保持一致将提高清晰度。可以重新考虑使用 MNNG 处理的 GES-1 细胞模型的选择，以支持更成熟的模型，例如类器官、气液界面模型和胃癌特异性细胞系。鉴于有关该方法的文献有限且相互矛盾，体内 MNNG-酒精组合模型可能需要额外的经验支持，以确保准确描述 IM 发病机制。该评论最后呼吁在生物标志物研究中采用严格和标准化的方法，以确保生物标志物研究的临床适用性和可靠性，特别是在胃癌检测和干预的背景下。© 2024。作者。

This commentary offers a thoughtful discussion of the study by Wei et al. published in the journal on the role of Olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) in incomplete intestinal metaplasia, a gastric precancerous condition. The original paper introduces OLFM4 as a novel biomarker with potential enhanced diagnostic efficacy compared to established markers. However, several methodological and interpretive considerations are noted. The histopathological findings could be refined by using higher magnification to better elucidate the cellular localization of OLFM4. Including high-resolution images for key stainings would enhance the study's robustness in expression profiling. The statistical approach could be strengthened by employing more rigorous, quantitative methodologies. Additionally, integrating immunofluorescence double-staining may improve the reliability of the results. Discrepancies in immunohistochemical signals across datasets suggest a need for further investigation into tissue section representativeness. Clarifying the term "precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma cells" to align with widely accepted definitions would enhance clarity. The choice of the GES-1 cell model treated with MNNG could be reconsidered in favor of more established models such as organoids, air-liquid interface models, and gastric cancer-specific cell lines. The in vivo MNNG-alcohol combination model might require additional empirical support, given the limited and conflicting literature on this approach, to ensure an accurate portrayal of IM pathogenesis. The commentary concludes with a call for stringent and standardized methodologies in biomarker research to ensure the clinical applicability and reliability of biomarker studies, particularly in the context of gastric cancer detection and intervention.© 2024. The Author(s).