公众经常搜索基于网络的健康相关信息，并可能影响公众的健康决策行为。特别是，它可能会导致焦虑、错误和有害的自我诊断。搜索最多的健康相关主题是癌症、心血管疾病和传染病。与健康相关的网络搜索可能会导致正式或非正式的医疗网站，这两种网站都可能引起恐惧和消极情绪。我们的研究旨在评估正式和非正式网站上出现的信息之间的恐惧和消极程度是否存在差异。非正式健康相关网站。使用选定的常见症状进行网络搜索以检索包含选定疾病症状的网站内容。检索到的网站分为正式网站和非正式网站。使用 3 个变压器模型评估每个内容的恐惧和消极性。第四个变压器模型使用从基于网络的健康社区获得的现有情绪数据集进行微调。对于正式和非正式网站，恐惧和消极程度是汇总的。进行t检验来评估正式和非正式网站之间恐惧和消极水平的差异。在这项研究中，收集了独特的网站（N=1448），其中534个被认为是正式的，914个被认为是非正式的。正式网站的结果页面有 1820 个，非正式网站的结果页面有 1494 个。根据我们的研究结果，正式网站上的恐惧水平（平均值 0.388，SD 0.177）在统计学上高于非正式网站（平均值 0.366，SD 0.168）（t2753=3.331；P<.001）。结果还表明，正式网站上的负面情绪水平（平均值 0.657，SD 0.211）在统计上高于非正式网站（平均值 0.636，SD 0.201）（t2753=2.726；P=.006）。正面文本可能会增加可信度正规健康网站的使用率和公众对这些建议的遵守程度。建议在发布健康相关信息之前增加自然语言处理工具的使用，以向公众传播更积极、压力更小的文本。©Abigail Paradise Vit，Avi Magid。最初发表于《医学互联网研究杂志》(https://www.jmir.org)，2024 年 8 月 9 日。

Searching for web-based health-related information is frequently performed by the public and may affect public behavior regarding health decision-making. Particularly, it may result in anxiety, erroneous, and harmful self-diagnosis. Most searched health-related topics are cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases. A health-related web-based search may result in either formal or informal medical website, both of which may evoke feelings of fear and negativity.Our study aimed to assess whether there is a difference in fear and negativity levels between information appearing on formal and informal health-related websites.A web search was performed to retrieve the contents of websites containing symptoms of selected diseases, using selected common symptoms. Retrieved websites were classified into formal and informal websites. Fear and negativity of each content were evaluated using 3 transformer models. A fourth transformer model was fine-tuned using an existing emotion data set obtained from a web-based health community. For formal and informal websites, fear and negativity levels were aggregated. t tests were conducted to evaluate the differences in fear and negativity levels between formal and informal websites.In this study, unique websites (N=1448) were collected, of which 534 were considered formal and 914 were considered informal. There were 1820 result pages from formal websites and 1494 result pages from informal websites. According to our findings, fear levels were statistically higher (t2753=3.331; P<.001) on formal websites (mean 0.388, SD 0.177) than on informal websites (mean 0.366, SD 0.168). The results also show that the level of negativity was statistically higher (t2753=2.726; P=.006) on formal websites (mean 0.657, SD 0.211) than on informal websites (mean 0.636, SD 0.201).Positive texts may increase the credibility of formal health websites and increase their usage by the general public and the public's compliance to the recommendations. Increasing the usage of natural language processing tools before publishing health-related information to achieve a more positive and less stressful text to be disseminated to the public is recommended.©Abigail Paradise Vit, Avi Magid. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 09.08.2024.