靶向治疗和免疫疗法从根本上改善了晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的治疗。针对致癌驱动突变的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在多代中不断进化，以提高有效性并解决耐药性。免疫检查点抑制剂对于治疗不具有特定可操作基因突变的非小细胞肺癌仍然是不可或缺的。抗体药物偶联物和双特异性抗体正在被纳入治疗指南，新兴疗法包括 T 细胞接合剂、细胞疗法、癌症疫苗和外部设备。尽管取得了这些进步，但在识别预测生物​​标志物以单独定制治疗、消除耐药性、降低成本并确保最佳癌症治疗可及性方面仍然存在挑战。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd。保留所有权利，包括文本和数据挖掘、人工智能培训和类似的技术。

Targeted therapies and immunotherapies have radically improved treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting oncogenic driver mutations continue to evolve over multiple generations to enhance effectiveness and tackle drug resistance. Immune checkpoint inhibitors remain integral for the treatment of NSCLCs that do not have specific actionable genetic mutations. Antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies are being integrated into treatment guidelines, and emerging therapies include T-cell engagers, cellular therapies, cancer vaccines, and external devices. Despite these advances, challenges remain in identifying predictive biomarkers to individually tailor treatments, abrogate resistance, reduce costs, and ensure optimal cancer treatment accessibility.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.