辅助治疗改善了术后黑色素瘤患者的临床预后。然而，该疗法对肢端和粘膜黑色素瘤亚型的长期疗效尚未在之前的试验中得到充分评估。本研究评估了接受抗 PD-1 抗体 (Ab) 或 BRAF 和 MEK 抑制剂达拉非尼 (dabrafenib) 和曲美替尼 (trametinib) 联合治疗的黑色素瘤患者（包括肢端和粘膜亚型）的 3 年无复发生存率和总生存率我们回顾性分析了 120 名接受抗 PD-1 抗体 (Ab) 或联合达拉非尼和曲美替尼治疗的患者的 3 年复发时间 (TTR) 和总生存期 (OS)。总体中位 TTR 为18.4个月，范围0.69至36个月。肢端型和粘膜型的 3 年 TTR 分别为 28.1% 和 38.5%。亚组分析中，基线肿瘤厚度 (TT) 和肢端类型与 TTR 相关。此外，我们在多项分析中将 104 名肢端和非肢端皮肤患者分为抗 PD-1 Abs 或达拉非尼加曲美替尼联合治疗队列。肢端亚型和 TT 被检测为重要的预后因素。在 3 年 OS 中，在单变量和多重分析中，只有肿瘤溃疡与 OS 相关。粘膜类型的基线或治疗相关因素没有显着差异 (p > 0.05)。这项研究表明，在 3 年 TTR 中，辅助治疗对于非肢端皮肤黑色素瘤比肢端或粘膜类型更有效端点。

Adjuvant therapy has improved the clinical prognosis for postoperative melanoma patients. However, the long-term efficacy of this therapy on the melanoma acral and mucosal subtypes has not been fully evaluated in previous trials. This study assessed the 3-year recurrence-free survival and overall survival of patients with melanoma, including the acral and mucosal subtypes, treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (Ab) or with the combination of the BRAF and MEK inhibitors dabrafenib and trametinib.We retrospectively analyzed both the 3-year time to relapse (TTR) and overall survival (OS) of 120 patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (Ab), or with the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib.The overall median TTR was 18.4 months, with a range of 0.69 to 36 months. The 3-year TTR of the acral and mucosal types was 28.1% and 38.5%, respectively. Baseline tumor thickness (TT) and acral type were associated with the TTR in subgroup analysis. Moreover, we classified 104 acral and non-acral cutaneous patients into the anti-PD-1 Abs or dabrafenib plus trametinib combined therapies cohort in multiple analyses. The acral subtype and TT were detected as important prognostic factors. In the 3-year OS, only tumor ulceration was associated with the OS in both univariate and multiple analyses. There was no significant difference in baseline or treatment-related factors of the mucosal type (p > 0.05).This study suggests that adjuvant therapy is more effective with non-acral cutaneous melanoma than either the acral or mucosal types at the 3-year TTR endpoint.