胸腺瘤和胸腺癌转化研究的细胞培养模型：现状和未来展望。
Cell Culture Models for Translational Research on Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas: Current Status and Future Perspectives.
发表日期：2024 Aug 04
作者：
Denise Müller, Jürgen Loskutov, Stefan Küffer, Alexander Marx, Christian R A Regenbrecht, Philipp Ströbel, Manuela J Regenbrecht
来源：
Cancers
摘要：
细胞培养模型系统是研究癌症生物学和在受控环境中识别治疗漏洞的基本工具。众所周知，TET 细胞很难培养，只有少数永久细胞系可用。 TET细胞离体建立和永久扩增的最佳条件和要求尚未得到系统研究，目前尚不清楚不同的TET亚型是否需要不同的培养条件或特定的补充剂。可用的少数永久细胞系仅代表AB型胸腺瘤和胸腺癌，而迄今为止繁殖源自B型胸腺瘤的肿瘤细胞的尝试已受挫。可以想象，B 型胸腺瘤中的上皮细胞严重依赖于它们与未成熟 T 细胞或其三维支架的相互作用。广泛的研究导致经过验证的细胞培养方案将是非常可取的，并且是该领域的重大进步。肿瘤细胞类器官模型、患者来源的异种移植物或组织切片等替代方法已在 TET 中零星使用，但它们的具体贡献和优势仍有待展示。
Cell culture model systems are fundamental tools for studying cancer biology and identifying therapeutic vulnerabilities in a controlled environment. TET cells are notoriously difficult to culture, with only a few permanent cell lines available. The optimal conditions and requirements for the ex vivo establishment and permanent expansion of TET cells have not been systematically studied, and it is currently unknown whether different TET subtypes require different culture conditions or specific supplements. The few permanent cell lines available represent only type AB thymomas and thymic carcinomas, while attempts to propagate tumor cells derived from type B thymomas so far have been frustrated. It is conceivable that epithelial cells in type B thymomas are critically dependent on their interaction with immature T cells or their three-dimensional scaffold. Extensive studies leading to validated cell culture protocols would be highly desirable and a major advance in the field. Alternative methods such as tumor cell organoid models, patient-derived xenografts, or tissue slices have been sporadically used in TETs, but their specific contributions and advantages remain to be shown.