白血病病史影响一些根治性前列腺切除术 (RP) 患者。尽管其作为不良危险因素的患病率和影响在心脏手术中众所周知，但有白血病病史的 RP 患者数量及其不良院内结果的发生率尚不清楚。我们确定了 RP 患者（全国住院患者样本） 2000-2019），根据是否存在白血病病史分层。使用描述性分析、倾向评分匹配（PSM，比率 1:10）和多变量逻辑回归模型。在 259,939 名 RP 患者中，416 名（0.2%）有白血病史。在整个研究范围内，他们的比例从 0.1% 增加到 0.2% (p < 0.01)。有白血病病史的患者年龄较大（中位年龄为 64 岁与 62 岁，p < 0.001）。在对年龄、保险状况、种族、盆腔淋巴结清扫术和查尔森合并症指数进行 PSM 后，有白血病病史的 RP 患者表现出较高的急性肾损伤发生率（<2.6 vs. 0.9%；比值比 [OR] 2.0，p = 0.02） ，更频繁地接受透析（3.6 vs. 1.9%；OR 1.9，p = 0.03），并且更频繁地住院时间超过一周（4.8 vs. 2.5%；OR 2.0，p = 0.006）。尽管有白血病病史 RP病人很少，但人数却在增加。这些人更容易出现肾脏并发症和延长住院时间。

Leukemia history affects some radical prostatectomy (RP) patients. Although its prevalence and effect as an adverse risk factor are well known in cardiac surgery, the number of RP patients with a leukemia history, as well as their rate of adverse in-hospital outcomes, are unknown.We identified RP patients (National Inpatient Sample 2000-2019), stratified according to the presence or absence of a leukemia history. Descriptive analyses, propensity score matching (PSM, ratio 1:10), and multivariable logistic regression models were used.Of 259,939 RP patients, 416 (0.2%) had a leukemia history. Their proportion increased from 0.1 to 0.2% covering the study span (p < 0.01). Leukemia history patients were older (median age, 64 vs. 62 years, p < 0.001). After PSM for age, insurance status, ethnicity, pelvic lymph node dissection, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, leukemia history RP patients exhibited higher rates of acute kidney injury (<2.6 vs. 0.9%; Odds Ratio [OR] 2.0, p = 0.02), more frequently underwent dialysis (3.6 vs. 1.9%; OR 1.9, p = 0.03), and more frequently had a length of stay exceeding one week (4.8 vs. 2.5%; OR 2.0, p = 0.006).Although leukemia history RP patients are rare, their numbers have increased. Renal complications and extended hospital stays are more frequent in those individuals.