在以色列，不同种族的乳腺癌死亡率各不相同，其中高生育率和母乳喂养率等保护性因素可能会受到社会经济因素和乳房X光检查率的影响。我们的目的是调查以色列犹太和穆斯林阿拉伯妇女之间乳腺癌死亡率的差异，并研究社会人口变量和儿童数量与死亡率的关系。我们的回顾性后续研究使用以色列中央统计局的数据和多变量 Cox 回归模型，对年龄、儿童数量、原籍国、地区规模和社会经济地位进行调整。与犹太女性相比，穆斯林阿拉伯女性的乳腺癌死亡率较低。然而，在调整多个社会人口变量后，犹太妇女和穆斯林阿拉伯妇女之间不存在显着差异。生育三个以上孩子与阿拉伯穆斯林妇女的死亡率较低有关，但犹太妇女则不然。欧洲/美洲血统、较大的地区和中等社会经济地位与较高的死亡率相关。因此，社会人口因素可以解释以色列犹太妇女和穆斯林阿拉伯妇女之间乳腺癌死亡率的差异。需要考虑不同种族群体的独特特征和风险因素的有针对性的干预计划，以减少差异并改善结果。

Breast cancer mortality rates vary across ethnic groups in Israel, where protective factors such as high fertility and breastfeeding rates may be moderated by socioeconomic factors and mammography rates. We aim to investigate disparities in breast cancer mortality between Jewish and Muslim Arab women in Israel and examine how sociodemographic variables and number of children are associated with mortality. Our retrospective follow-up study uses data from the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics and multivariable Cox regression models, adjusting for age, number of children, country of origin, locality size, and socioeconomic status. Compared to Jewish women, Muslim Arab women exhibited lower breast cancer mortality rates. However, after adjusting for multiple sociodemographic variables, no significant differences persisted between Jewish and Muslim Arab women. Having more than three children was associated with lower mortality among Muslim Arab women but not among Jewish women. European/American origin, larger localities, and medium socioeconomic status were associated with higher mortality. Sociodemographic factors may therefore explain the disparities in breast cancer mortality between Jewish and Muslim Arab women in Israel. Targeted intervention programs that consider the unique characteristics and risk factors of different ethnic groups are needed to reduce disparities and improve outcomes.