硼中子俘获疗法（BNCT）是肿瘤细胞内的硼10（10B）与中子发生核反应产生α粒子并以极短的距离反冲7Li核，从而破坏肿瘤细胞的放射疗法。虽然中子源传统上是核反应堆，但产生中子束的加速器已经开发出来并商业化。因此，这种治疗方法将会变得更加广泛。靠近体表的复发性头颈癌 (HNC) 被认为是使用硼化合物硼苯丙氨酸 (BPA) 进行 BNCT 的候选者，并且已发现对这种治疗高度敏感。然而，有些病例在治疗完成后早期就会复发，这需要解决。超声波是一种高度安全的诊断方法。带有微泡的超声有望促进肿瘤细胞摄取 BPA。超声还具有提高肿瘤细胞对放射治疗的敏感性的能力。此外，高强度聚焦超声可以通过其热效应和机械效应提高 BNCT 的疗效。本综述不是系统性的，但概述了基于 BPA 的 BNCT 的现状，并提出了 BNCT 联合超声治疗后降低 HNC 复发率的计划。

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is radiotherapy in which a nuclear reaction between boron-10 (10B) in tumor cells and neutrons produces alpha particles and recoiling 7Li nuclei with an extremely short range, leading to the destruction of the tumor cells. Although the neutron source has traditionally been a nuclear reactor, accelerators to generate neutron beams have been developed and commercialized. Therefore, this treatment will become more widespread. Recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) close to the body surface is considered a candidate for BNCT using the boron compound boronophenylalanine (BPA) and has been found to be highly responsive to this treatment. However, some cases recur early after the completion of the treatment, which needs to be addressed. Ultrasound is a highly safe diagnostic method. Ultrasound with microbubbles is expected to promote the uptake of BPA into tumor cells. Ultrasound also has the ability to improve the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy. In addition, high-intensity focused ultrasound may improve the efficacy of BNCT via its thermal and mechanical effects. This review is not systematic but outlines the current status of BPA-based BNCT and proposes plans to reduce the recurrence rate of HNC after BNCT in combination with ultrasound.