免疫相关特征可以作为各种癌症的可靠预后生物标志物。在此，我们的目的是构建鼻咽癌（NPC）的个体化免疫预后特征。本研究回顾性地纳入了 455 例鼻咽癌样本和 39 例正常健康鼻咽组织标本。来自基因表达综合 (GEO) 的样本作为发现队列获得，以根据基因的相对表达顺序筛选候选预后免疫相关基因对。使用定量实时逆转录 PCR 检测所选基因，在训练队列（包含 118 个临床样本）中构建免疫相关基因对特征，然后在验证队列 1（包含 92 个临床样本）中进行验证，并进行验证队列 2，包含来自 GEO 的 88 个样本。我们在发现队列中确定了 26 个免疫相关基因对作为预后候选基因。在训练队列中构建了包含 11 个免疫基因对的预后免疫特征。在验证队列 1 中，免疫特征可以显着区分无进展生存期 (PFS) 方面的高风险或低风险患者（风险比 [HR] 2.66，95% 置信区间 (CI) 1.17-6.02，P=0.015）在多变量分析中可以作为 PFS 的独立预后因素（HR 2.66，95% CI 1.17-6.02，P=0.019）。使用验证队列 2 获得了类似的结果，其中高风险组的 PFS 显着差于低风险组（HR 3.02，95% CI 1.12-8.18，P=0.022）。构建的免疫特征有望用于估计预后全国人大。经过前瞻性验证后，它有可能转化为临床实践。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd。保留所有权利。

Immune-related characteristics can serve as reliable prognostic biomarkers in various cancers. Herein, we aimed to construct an individualized immune prognostic signature in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).This study retrospectively included 455 NPC samples and 39 normal healthy nasopharyngeal tissue specimens. Samples from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were obtained as discovery cohort to screen candidate prognostic immune-related gene pairs based on relative expression ordering of the genes. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR was used to detect the selected genes to construct an immune-related gene pair signature in training cohort, which comprised 118 clinical samples, and was then validated in validation cohort 1, comprising 92 clinical samples, and validation cohort 2, comprising 88 samples from GEO.We identified 26 immune-related gene pairs as prognostic candidates in discovery cohort. A prognostic immune signature comprising 11 immune gene pairs was constructed in training cohort. In validation cohort 1, the immune signature could significantly distinguish patients with high or low risk in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR] 2.66, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.17-6.02, P=0.015) and could serve as an independent prognostic factor for PFS in multivariate analysis (HR 2.66, 95 % CI 1.17-6.02, P=0.019). Similar results were obtained using validation cohort 2, in which PFS was significantly worse in high risk group than in low risk group (HR 3.02, 95 % CI 1.12-8.18, P=0.022).The constructed immune signature showed promise for estimating prognosis in NPC. It has potential for translation into clinical practice after prospective validation.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.