小儿肿瘤患者患危重疾病的风险增加；高收入国家 (HIC) 对结果进行了详细描述；然而，低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的数据有限。我们系统地检索了 PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、CINAHL 和 Global Health 数据库，以 6 种语言描述了重症监护室收治的癌症儿童死亡率的文章（中低收入国家 (LMIC) 的 ICU）。两名研究人员独立评估资格、数据质量并提取数据。我们使用随机效应模型汇总了 ICU 死亡率估计值。在确定的 3,641 项研究中，纳入了 22 项研究，涵盖 4,803 名 ICU 入院患者。总体汇总死亡率为 30.3% [95% 置信区间 (CI) 21.7-40.6%]。机械通气[比值比(OR) 12.2，95%CI：6.2-24.0，p值<0.001]和血管活性输注[OR 6.3 95%CI：3.3-11.9，p值<0.001]与ICU死亡率相关。中低收入国家 (LMIC) 中儿科肿瘤患者的 ICU 死亡率与高收入国家 (HIC) 相似，但由于低收入国家的研究代表性不足，本综述可能低估了真实死亡率。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Pediatric oncology patients have increased risk for critical illness; outcomes are well described in high-income countries (HICs); however, data is limited for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Global Health databases for articles in 6 languages describing mortality in children with cancer admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in LMICs. Two investigators independently assessed eligibility, data quality, and extracted data. We pooled ICU mortality estimates using random effect models.Of 3,641 studies identified, 22 studies were included, covering 4,803 ICU admissions. Overall pooled mortality was 30.3% [95% Confidence-interval (CI) 21.7-40.6%]. Mechanical ventilation [odds ratio (OR) 12.2, 95%CI:6.2-24.0, p-value<0.001] and vasoactive infusions [OR 6.3 95%CI:3.3-11.9, p-value<0.001] were associated with ICU mortality.ICU mortality among pediatric oncology patients in LMICs is similar to that in HICs, however, this review likely underestimates true mortality due to underrepresentation of studies from low-income countries.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.