饮酒是发病和死亡的主要原因，这对于具有社会经济或健康相关风险因素的老年人来说可能更为重要。旨在研究饮酒模式与 12 年死亡率的关联及其受健康相关或社会经济风险的影响这项前瞻性队列研究使用了来自英国生物银行的数据，这是一个基于人群的队列。参与者是 60 岁或以上的当前饮酒者。数据分析时间为2023年9月至2024年5月。根据参与者每天的平均酒精摄入量（克），参与者的饮酒模式分为偶尔：≤2.86克/天）、低风险（男性：>2.86-20.00克/天；男性：>2.86-20.00克/天；女性：>2.86-10.00 g/d），中等风险（男性：>20.00-40.00 g/d；女性：>10.00-20.00 g/d）和高风险（男性：>40.00 g/d；女性：>20.00 g/d)。用衰弱指数评估健康相关风险因素，用汤森剥夺指数评估社会经济风险因素。全因死亡率和特定原因死亡率是从国家登记处持有的死亡证明中获得的。分析排除了随访前 2 年的死亡，并针对潜在的混杂因素进行了调整，包括饮酒模式和偏好。 共有 135103 名参与者（中位 [IQR] 年龄，64.0 [62.0-67.0] 岁；67693 名 [50.1%] ] 女性）也包括在内。在总分析样本中，与偶尔饮酒相比，高风险饮酒与较高的全因（风险比 [HR]，1.33；95% CI，1.24-1.42）、癌症（HR，1.39；95% CI， 1.26-1.53​​）和心血管死亡率（HR，1.21；95% CI，1.04-1.41）；中度风险饮酒与较高的全因死亡率（HR，1.10；95% CI，1.03-1.18）和癌症死亡率（HR，1.15；95% CI，1.05-1.27）相关，而低风险饮酒与较高的全因死亡率（HR，1.10；95% CI，1.03-1.18）和癌症死亡率相关。癌症死亡率（HR，1.11；95% CI，1.01-1.22）。虽然在没有社会经济或健康相关风险因素的个体中，没有发现低风险或中风险饮酒模式与偶尔饮酒之间存在关联，但低风险饮酒与较高的癌症死亡率相关（HR，1.15；95% CI，1.01-1.30） ）和具有健康相关危险因素的中度风险饮酒会导致较高的全因死亡率（HR，1.10；95% CI，1.01-1.19）和癌症死亡率（HR，1.19；95% CI，1.05-1.35）；低风险和中风险饮酒模式与全因死亡率较高（低风险：HR，1.14；95% CI，1.01-1.28；中风险：HR，1.17；95% CI，1.03-1.32）和癌症相关（低风险：HR，1.25；95% CI，1.04-1.50；中度风险：HR，1.36；95% CI，1.13-1.63）存在社会经济风险因素的人群。葡萄酒偏好（葡萄酒中的酒精含量>80%）和随餐饮酒与死亡率（尤其是癌症死亡率）之间存在较小的保护性关联，但仅限于具有社会经济或健康相关风险因素的饮酒者，并且与降低与高死亡率相关的超额死亡率相关。在这项针对英国老年饮酒者的队列研究中，即使是低风险饮酒也与具有健康相关或社会经济风险因素的老年人的较高死亡率相关。因葡萄酒偏好和仅在用餐时饮酒而观察到的死亡率降低需要进一步研究，因为它可能主要反映了更健康的生活方式、较慢的酒精吸收或饮料中的非酒精成分的影响。

Alcohol consumption is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality that may be more important in older adults with socioeconomic or health-related risk factors.To examine the association of alcohol consumption patterns with 12-year mortality and its modification by health-related or socioeconomic risk factors.This prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort. Participants were current drinkers aged 60 years or older. Data were analyzed from September 2023 to May 2024.According to their mean alcohol intake in grams per day, participants' drinking patterns were classified as occasional: ≤2.86 g/d), low risk (men: >2.86-20.00 g/d; women: >2.86-10.00 g/d), moderate risk (men: >20.00-40.00 g/d; women: >10.00-20.00 g/d) and high risk (men: >40.00 g/d; women: >20.00 g/d).Health-related risk factors were assessed with the frailty index, and socioeconomic risk factors were assessed with the Townsend deprivation index. All-cause and cause-specific mortality were obtained from death certificates held by the national registries. Analyses excluded deaths in the first 2 years of follow-up and adjusted for potential confounders, including drinking patterns and preferences.A total of 135 103 participants (median [IQR] age, 64.0 [62.0-67.0] years; 67 693 [50.1%] women) were included. In the total analytical sample, compared with occasional drinking, high-risk drinking was associated with higher all-cause (hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.24-1.42), cancer (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.26-1.53), and cardiovascular (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.04-1.41) mortality; moderate-risk drinking was associated with higher all-cause (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03-1.18) and cancer (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.27) mortality, and low-risk drinking was associated with higher cancer mortality (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.22). While no associations were found for low- or moderate-risk drinking patterns vs occasional drinking among individuals without socioeconomic or health-related risk factors, low-risk drinking was associated with higher cancer mortality (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01-1.30) and moderate-risk drinking with higher all-cause (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19) and cancer (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.35) mortality among those with health-related risk factors; low-risk and moderate-risk drinking patterns were associated with higher mortality from all causes (low risk: HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01-1.28; moderate risk: HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03-1.32) and cancer (low risk: HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50; moderate risk: HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.13-1.63) among those with socioeconomic risk factors. Wine preference (>80% of alcohol from wine) and drinking with meals showed small protective associations with mortality, especially from cancer, but only in drinkers with socioeconomic or health-related risk factors and was associated with attenuating the excess mortality associated with high-, moderate- and even low-risk drinking.In this cohort study of older drinkers from the UK, even low-risk drinking was associated with higher mortality among older adults with health-related or socioeconomic risk factors. The attenuation of mortality observed for wine preference and drinking only during meals requires further investigation, as it may mostly reflect the effect of healthier lifestyles, slower alcohol absorption, or nonalcoholic components of beverages.