胃食管反流病 (GERD) 是一种当胃内容物反流到食管引起症状和/或并发症时发生的疾病。 GERD 在西方社会的患病率估计为 30%，使其成为初级保健中最常见的疾病之一。 GERD 的症状包括食管反流的典型症状（胃灼热和/或反流）；食管损伤（糜烂性食管炎；狭窄；Barrett 食管；以及罕见的腺癌）；以及食管外症状，例如声音嘶哑和慢性咳嗽。 GERD 的正确诊断和治疗包括控制症状、排除其他疾病、避免过度使用药物和侵入性检查以及尽量减少并发症。

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition that occurs when reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus causes symptoms and/or complications. The prevalence of GERD in Western societies has been estimated at 30%, making it one of the most commonly encountered disorders in primary care. The spectrum of GERD includes typical symptoms of esophageal reflux (heartburn and/or regurgitation); esophageal injury (erosive esophagitis; stricture; Barrett esophagus; and, rarely, adenocarcinoma); and extraesophageal symptoms, such as hoarseness and chronic cough. Proper diagnosis and treatment of GERD includes symptom control, exclusion of other disorders, avoiding overuse of medications and invasive testing, and minimizing complications.