N6-甲基腺苷 (m6A) 的修饰通过多种途径（包括信使 RNA 的调节）改变先天性和适应性免疫系统，从而在肿瘤中发挥关键作用。 YTH结构域蛋白家族作为m6A修饰的“阅读器”，影响RNA剪接、稳定性和免疫原性，从而在免疫调节和抗肿瘤免疫中发挥重要作用。尽管YTH结构域蛋白家族具有重要意义，但其对肿瘤发生和进展的影响，以及它们在肿瘤免疫调节和治疗中的参与，仍然未被充分探索，也缺乏全面的综述。本文介绍了YTH结构域蛋白家族的分子特征和它们在生物行为中的生理和病理作用，强调它们调节免疫反应和抗肿瘤免疫的机制。此外，该综述还讨论了YTH结构域蛋白家族在免疫相关疾病和肿瘤抵抗中的作用，强调YTH蛋白的异常表达或功能障碍与肿瘤抵抗密切相关。该综述提供了对YTH结构域的深入了解蛋白质家族在免疫调节和抗肿瘤免疫中的作用，为相关疾病的免疫治疗提供新的策略和方向。这些见解不仅加深了我们对 m6A 修饰和 YTH 蛋白功能的理解，而且为未来的研究和临床应用铺平了道路。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利出版的《临床与转化医学》

The modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a pivotal role in tumor by altering both innate and adaptive immune systems through various pathways, including the regulation of messenger RNA. The YTH domain protein family, acting as "readers" of m6A modifications, affects RNA splicing, stability, and immunogenicity, thereby playing essential roles in immune regulation and antitumor immunity. Despite their significance, the impact of the YTH domain protein family on tumor initiation and progression, as well as their involvement in tumor immune regulation and therapy, remains underexplored and lacks comprehensive review.This review introduces the molecular characteristics of the YTH domain protein family and their physiological and pathological roles in biological behavior, emphasizing their mechanisms in regulating immune responses and antitumor immunity. Additionally, the review discusses the roles of the YTH domain protein family in immune-related diseases and tumor resistance, highlighting that abnormal expression or dysfunction of YTH proteins is closely linked to tumor resistance.This review provides an in-depth understanding of the YTH domain protein family in immune regulation and antitumor immunity, suggesting new strategies and directions for immunotherapy of related diseases. These insights not only deepen our comprehension of m6A modifications and YTH protein functions but also pave the way for future research and clinical applications.© 2024 The Author(s). Clinical and Translational Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics.