贝母（FRU）属于百合科贝母属。它是中药材“川贝母”的原植物之一，也是我国青藏高原特有的生物资源。 FRU 的干燥球茎用于中药。已分离鉴定的FRU化学成分包括生物碱、甾醇、有机酸及其酯、核苷和挥发油等。 FRU具有镇咳、祛痰、平喘、抗炎、抗菌、减轻急性肺损伤、抗纤维化、抗肿瘤等药理作用。这种名贵植物的市场需求量极高，多年来，由于过度开采，FRU作为传统中药材，现已被列为我国濒危稀有栽培的重点物种。然而，FRU的研究很少，其有效成分、资源控制和作用机制有待进一步研究。本文系统论述了FRU的药材特性、资源分布、化学成分、生物合成、药理作用、临床应用以及繁育技术，希望为FRU的进一步研究和使用提供参考。版权所有 © 2024 张韩李、范、刘、任、刘。

Fritillaria unibracteata (FRU) belongs to the genus Fritillaria of the Liliaceae family. It is one of the original plants of the Chinese medicinal material "Chuanbeimu" and also a biological resource featured in the Tibetan Plateau of China. The dried bulbs of FRU are used in traditional Chinese medicine. The chemical constituents of FRU that have been isolated and identified include alkaloids, sterols, organic acids and their esters, nucleosides and volatile oils. FRU has antitussive, expectorant, anti-asthmatic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, acute lung injury-reducing, antifibrosis, antitumor, and other pharmacological effects. This valuable plant has an extremely high market demand, and over the years, due to over-exploitation, FRU has now been listed as a key species that is endangered and scarcely cultivated in China as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. However, research on FRU is rare, and its effective components, resource control, and mechanisms of action need further study. This review systematically discusses the herbal characteristics, resource distribution, chemical composition, biosynthesis, pharmacological effects, clinical application, and breeding techniques of FRU, hoping to provide a reference for further research and the use of FRU.Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Han, Li, Fan, Liu, Ren and Liu.