宫颈癌和乳腺癌是女性癌症相关死亡的四大主要原因之一。本研究旨在探讨 2009 年至 2021 年中国城乡地区宫颈癌和乳腺癌死亡率的年龄别时间趋势。中国 20-84 岁女性宫颈癌和乳腺癌的年龄别死亡率数据来自中国的国家疾病监测点系统跨越2009年至2021年。利用负二项回归模型评估城乡死亡率差异，同时利用具有估计平均年百分比变化（AAPC）和斜率的Joinpoint模型来比较时间趋势2009年至2021年，与城市地区相比，农村地区与这两种癌症相关的特定年龄死亡率相对增加。农村地区 35-64 岁年龄段宫颈癌筛查年龄呈上升趋势 [AAPC：4.0%，95% 置信区间 (CI) 0.5-7.6%，P = 0.026]，而农村地区则呈稳定趋势 (AAPC：-在城市地区观察到 0.7%，95% CI - 5.8 至 4.6%，P = 0.78）。乳腺癌方面，农村地区呈稳定趋势（AAPC：0.3％，95％CI - 0.3至0.9％，P = 0.28），而农村地区呈下降趋势（AAPC：- 2.7％，95％CI - 4.6至0.9％）。 - 0.7%，P = 0.007）在城市地区。宫颈癌死亡率的城乡差异随着时间的推移而增加，但乳腺癌死亡率的差异则减小。宫颈癌和乳腺癌的死亡率在4个阶段均呈现随年龄增长的趋势，其中中国城乡、时段和地区的35-54岁年龄段死亡率激增最为显着。应特别关注由于死亡率趋势和城乡差异，35-54 岁的女性受到影响。关注弱势年龄群体并解决癌症控制计划实施中的城乡差异可以提高资源效率并促进健康公平。© 2024。作者。

Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women. This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in urban and rural areas of China from 2009 to 2021.Age-specific mortality data for cervical and breast cancers among Chinese women aged 20-84 years were obtained from China's National Disease Surveillance Points system spanning the years 2009 to 2021. Negative binomial regression models were utilized to assess urban-rural differences in mortality rate ratios, while Joinpoint models with estimated average annual percent changes (AAPC) and slopes were employed to compare temporal trends and the acceleration of mortality rates within different age groups.From 2009 to 2021, there was a relative increase in age-specific mortality associated with the two cancers observed in rural areas compared with urban areas. A rising trend in the screening age of 35-64 [AAPC: 4.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5-7.6%, P = 0.026] for cervical cancer was noted in rural areas, while a stable trend (AAPC: - 0.7%, 95% CI - 5.8 to 4.6%, P = 0.78) was observed in urban areas. As for breast cancer, a stable trend (AAPC: 0.3%, 95% CI - 0.3 to 0.9%, P = 0.28) was observed in rural areas compared to a decreasing trend (AAPC: - 2.7%, 95% CI - 4.6 to - 0.7%, P = 0.007) in urban areas. Urban-rural differences in mortality rates increased over time for cervical cancer but decreased for breast cancer. Mortality trends for both cervical and breast cancers showed an increase with age across 4 segments, with the most significant surge in mortality observed among the 35-54 age group across urban and rural areas, periods, and regions in China.Special attention should be given to women aged 35-54 years due to mortality trends and rural-urban disparities. Focusing on vulnerable age groups and addressing rural-urban differences in the delivery of cancer control programs can enhance resource efficiency and promote health equity.© 2024. The Author(s).