由于人类视网膜的可及性有限，视网膜类器官（RO）是研究人类视网膜疾病的最佳模型，可以揭示视网膜发育和视网膜疾病发生的机制。小胶质细胞 (MG) 是视网膜和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中独特的常驻巨噬细胞，具有重要的免疫功能。然而，视网膜类器官缺乏小胶质细胞，因为它们的分化起源是卵黄囊。小胶质细胞在这些视网膜疾病中的具体发病机制仍不清楚；因此，建立小胶质细胞合并的视网膜类器官模型是必要的。在这里，我们成功构建了视网膜类器官与源自人类干细胞的小胶质细胞的共培养模型。在本文中，我们分化了小胶质细胞，然后在早期共培养为视网膜类器官。由于免疫细胞的融入，该模型为视网膜疾病建模和药物筛选提供了优化平台，有利于深入研究视网膜和中枢神经系统相关疾病的发病机制和治疗。

Due to the limited accessibility of the human retina, retinal organoids (ROs) are the best model for studying human retinal disease, which could reveal the mechanism of retinal development and the occurrence of retinal disease. Microglia (MG) are unique resident macrophages in the retina and central nervous system (CNS), serving crucial immunity functions. However, retinal organoids lack microglia since their differentiation origin is the yolk sac. The specific pathogenesis of microglia in these retinal diseases remains unclear; therefore, the establishment of a microglia-incorporated retinal organoid model turns out to be necessary. Here, we successfully constructed a co-cultured model of retinal organoids with microglia derived from human stem cells. In this article, we differentiated microglia and then co-cultured to retinal organoids in the early stage. As the incorporation of immune cells, this model provides an optimized platform for retinal disease modeling and drug screening to facilitate in-depth research on the pathogenesis and treatment of retinal and CNS-related diseases.