微生物群由我们体内的细菌、真菌和病毒组成，是宿主健康和状态（包括免疫反应）的关键调节剂。研究已将微生物群和微生物群衍生的代谢物与免疫细胞功能联系起来。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了人类微生物群与利用免疫细胞对抗各种癌症的细胞疗法的临床结果之间的复杂关系。我们特别强调造血细胞移植和嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞治疗，探索支撑这种相互作用的潜在机制。我们还重点介绍了微生物群在细胞治疗中的介入应用，同时概述了该领域未来的研究方向。版权所有 © 2024 美国血液学会。

The microbiota, comprising bacteria, fungi, and viruses residing within our body, functions as a key modulator in host health and states, including immune responses. Studies have linked microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites to immune cell functions. In this review, we probe the complex relationship between the human microbiota and clinical outcomes of cellular therapies that leverage immune cells to fight various cancers. With a particular emphasis on hematopoietic cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, we explore the potential mechanisms underpinning this interaction. We also highlight the interventional applications of the microbiota in cellular therapy, while outlining future research directions in the field.Copyright © 2024 American Society of Hematology.