新辅助治疗已成为局部晚期可切除食管癌的主要治疗手段。本研究的目的是探讨新辅助免疫疗法联合化疗治疗可手术切除的食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）的有效性和安全性。我们对2016年1月1日至2023年4月1日诊断为食管鳞癌的患者进行了回顾性分析。南昌大学第一附属医院接受新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗的可切除食管癌患者。本研究的主要终点是病理完全缓解（pCR）、主要病理缓解（MPR）和无病生存（DFS）。本研究的次要终点是总生存期（OS）、客观缓解率（ORR）和安全性。共纳入 122 例接受新辅助免疫化疗（nICT）的 ESCC 患者。 54 名患者获得部分缓解（PR），两名患者获得完全缓解（CR），ORR 为 45.9%。在接受手术的106名患者中，共有28名患者达到pCR（26.4%），共有37名患者达到MPR（34.9%）。 26 名患者（21.3%）发生 3 级或以上不良事件。最常见的术后并发症是肺炎（25.5%）。新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗在局部晚期食管鳞癌的治疗中显示出令人满意的疗效，与治疗相关的不良事件和术后并发症均可控。2024年《胸部疾病杂志》。版权所有。

Neoadjuvant therapy has become a mainstay of treatment for locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer. The objective of this research was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in treating surgically removable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).From January 1, 2016 to April 1, 2023, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with resectable esophageal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. The primary endpoints of this study were pathologic complete response (pCR), major pathologic response (MPR) and disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary endpoints of this study were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and safety.A total of 122 patients with ESCC receiving neoadjuvant immune-chemotherapy (nICT) were included. Fifty-four patients achieved partial response (PR) and two patients achieved complete response (CR), with an ORR of 45.9%. Of the 106 patients who underwent surgery, a total of 28 patients achieved pCR (26.4%) and a total of 37 patients achieved MPR (34.9%). Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 26 patients (21.3%). The most common postoperative complication was pneumonitis (25.5%).Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy demonstrates satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of locally advanced ESCC, with manageable treatment-related adverse events and postoperative complications.2024 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.