总结有关急性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎 (AIFS) 患者的诊断、治疗、预后和监测的证据，并讨论未来的研究需求。已经确定了新冠肺炎等 AIFS 的新危险因素，并开发了新的预后分期系统大多数发生 AIFS 的患者免疫功能低下，其中大多数有糖尿病或血液恶性肿瘤病史。不幸的是，没有任何高度敏感和特异性的诊断工具。因此，应结合体征和症状、影像学、内窥镜检查、活检和实验室来诊断 AIFS。尽管已知手术和全身抗真菌药物可以改善预后，但有关干预时间、抗真菌药物持续时间和监测模式的数据有限。关于可以预测 AIFS 患者预后的因素的信息也很有限。然而，感觉/知觉变化、中性粒细胞减少症持续时间延长和合并症负担可能与预后不良有关。版权所有 © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

To summarize the evidence surrounding diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and surveillance of patients with acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) and discuss future research needs.New risk factors for AIFS such as COVID have been identified, and a new prognostic staging system has been developed.Most patients who develop AIFS are immunocompromised, with the majority having a history of diabetes or a hematologic malignancy. Unfortunately, there are not any highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools. Therefore, a combination of signs and symptoms, imaging, endoscopy, biopsy, and labs should be used to diagnosis AIFS. Although surgery and systemic antifungals are known to improve outcomes, there is limited data on time to intervention, duration of antifungals, and surveillance patterns. There is also limited information on factors that can predict outcomes in AIFS patients. However, sensory/perceptual changes, prolonged neutropenia duration, and comorbidity burden may be associated with a poor prognosis.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.